{"id": 1002268, "name": "Period life expectancy at birth - Sex: total - Age: 0", "unit": "years", "createdAt": "2024-12-03T16:37:05.000Z", "updatedAt": "2025-07-29T13:39:03.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "1543-2023", "datasetId": 6835, "shortUnit": "years", "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "life_expectancy_0__sex_total__age_0", "catalogPath": "grapher/demography/2024-12-03/life_expectancy/life_expectancy#life_expectancy_0__sex_total__age_0", "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 1950}, {"id": 1951}, {"id": 1952}, {"id": 1953}, {"id": 1954}, {"id": 1955}, {"id": 1956}, {"id": 1957}, {"id": 1958}, {"id": 1959}, {"id": 1960}, {"id": 1961}, {"id": 1962}, {"id": 1963}, {"id": 1964}, {"id": 1965}, {"id": 1966}, {"id": 1967}, {"id": 1968}, {"id": 1969}, {"id": 1970}, {"id": 1971}, {"id": 1972}, {"id": 1973}, {"id": 1974}, {"id": 1975}, {"id": 1976}, {"id": 1977}, {"id": 1978}, {"id": 1979}, {"id": 1980}, {"id": 1981}, {"id": 1982}, {"id": 1983}, {"id": 1984}, {"id": 1985}, {"id": 1986}, {"id": 1987}, {"id": 1988}, {"id": 1989}, {"id": 1990}, {"id": 1991}, {"id": 1992}, {"id": 1993}, {"id": 1994}, {"id": 1995}, {"id": 1996}, {"id": 1997}, {"id": 1998}, {"id": 1999}, {"id": 2000}, {"id": 2001}, {"id": 2002}, {"id": 2003}, {"id": 2004}, {"id": 2005}, {"id": 2006}, {"id": 2007}, {"id": 2008}, {"id": 2009}, {"id": 2010}, {"id": 2011}, {"id": 2012}, {"id": 2013}, {"id": 2014}, {"id": 2015}, {"id": 2016}, {"id": 2017}, {"id": 2018}, {"id": 2019}, {"id": 2020}, {"id": 2021}, {"id": 2022}, {"id": 2023}, {"id": 1770}, {"id": 1925}, {"id": 1923}, {"id": 1933}, {"id": 1943}, {"id": 1830}, {"id": 1850}, {"id": 1870}, {"id": 1900}, {"id": 1913}, {"id": 1940}, {"id": 1875}, {"id": 1880}, {"id": 1885}, {"id": 1890}, {"id": 1895}, {"id": 1905}, {"id": 1910}, {"id": 1915}, {"id": 1920}, {"id": 1930}, {"id": 1935}, {"id": 1945}, {"id": 1921}, {"id": 1922}, {"id": 1924}, {"id": 1926}, {"id": 1927}, {"id": 1928}, {"id": 1929}, {"id": 1931}, {"id": 1932}, {"id": 1934}, {"id": 1936}, {"id": 1937}, {"id": 1938}, {"id": 1939}, {"id": 1941}, {"id": 1942}, {"id": 1944}, {"id": 1946}, {"id": 1947}, {"id": 1948}, {"id": 1949}, {"id": 1881}, {"id": 1891}, {"id": 1901}, {"id": 1903}, {"id": 1911}, {"id": 1876}, {"id": 1886}, {"id": 1896}, {"id": 1906}, {"id": 1841}, {"id": 1842}, {"id": 1843}, {"id": 1844}, {"id": 1845}, {"id": 1846}, {"id": 1847}, {"id": 1848}, {"id": 1849}, {"id": 1851}, {"id": 1852}, {"id": 1853}, {"id": 1854}, {"id": 1855}, {"id": 1856}, {"id": 1857}, {"id": 1858}, {"id": 1859}, {"id": 1860}, {"id": 1861}, {"id": 1862}, {"id": 1863}, {"id": 1864}, {"id": 1865}, {"id": 1866}, {"id": 1867}, {"id": 1868}, {"id": 1869}, {"id": 1871}, {"id": 1872}, {"id": 1873}, {"id": 1874}, {"id": 1877}, {"id": 1878}, {"id": 1879}, {"id": 1882}, {"id": 1883}, {"id": 1884}, {"id": 1887}, {"id": 1888}, {"id": 1889}, {"id": 1892}, {"id": 1893}, {"id": 1894}, {"id": 1897}, {"id": 1898}, {"id": 1899}, {"id": 1902}, {"id": 1904}, {"id": 1907}, {"id": 1908}, {"id": 1909}, {"id": 1912}, {"id": 1919}, {"id": 1831}, {"id": 1917}, {"id": 1918}, {"id": 1775}, {"id": 1835}, {"id": 1836}, {"id": 1837}, {"id": 1838}, {"id": 1839}, {"id": 1840}, {"id": 1914}, {"id": 1916}, {"id": 1800}, {"id": 1820}, {"id": 1755}, {"id": 1765}, {"id": 1785}, {"id": 1795}, {"id": 1805}, {"id": 1815}, {"id": 1825}, {"id": 1816}, {"id": 1817}, {"id": 1818}, {"id": 1819}, {"id": 1821}, {"id": 1822}, {"id": 1823}, {"id": 1824}, {"id": 1826}, {"id": 1827}, {"id": 1828}, {"id": 1829}, {"id": 1832}, {"id": 1833}, {"id": 1834}, {"id": 1751}, {"id": 1752}, {"id": 1753}, {"id": 1754}, {"id": 1756}, {"id": 1757}, {"id": 1758}, {"id": 1759}, {"id": 1760}, {"id": 1761}, {"id": 1762}, {"id": 1763}, {"id": 1764}, {"id": 1766}, {"id": 1767}, {"id": 1768}, {"id": 1769}, {"id": 1771}, {"id": 1772}, {"id": 1773}, {"id": 1774}, {"id": 1776}, {"id": 1777}, {"id": 1778}, {"id": 1779}, {"id": 1780}, {"id": 1781}, {"id": 1782}, {"id": 1783}, {"id": 1784}, {"id": 1786}, {"id": 1787}, {"id": 1788}, {"id": 1789}, {"id": 1790}, {"id": 1791}, {"id": 1792}, {"id": 1793}, {"id": 1794}, {"id": 1796}, {"id": 1797}, {"id": 1798}, {"id": 1799}, {"id": 1801}, {"id": 1802}, {"id": 1803}, {"id": 1804}, {"id": 1806}, {"id": 1807}, {"id": 1808}, {"id": 1809}, {"id": 1810}, {"id": 1811}, {"id": 1812}, {"id": 1813}, {"id": 1814}, {"id": 1543}, {"id": 1548}, {"id": 1553}, {"id": 1558}, {"id": 1563}, {"id": 1568}, {"id": 1573}, {"id": 1578}, {"id": 1583}, {"id": 1588}, {"id": 1593}, {"id": 1598}, {"id": 1603}, {"id": 1608}, {"id": 1613}, {"id": 1618}, {"id": 1623}, {"id": 1628}, {"id": 1633}, {"id": 1638}, {"id": 1643}, {"id": 1648}, {"id": 1653}, {"id": 1658}, {"id": 1663}, {"id": 1668}, {"id": 1673}, {"id": 1678}, {"id": 1683}, {"id": 1688}, {"id": 1693}, {"id": 1698}, {"id": 1703}, {"id": 1708}, {"id": 1713}, {"id": 1718}, {"id": 1723}, {"id": 1728}, {"id": 1733}, {"id": 1738}, {"id": 1743}, {"id": 1748}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 15, "name": "Afghanistan", "code": "AFG"}, {"id": 273, "name": "Africa", "code": null}, {"id": 16, "name": "Albania", "code": "ALB"}, {"id": 17, "name": "Algeria", "code": "DZA"}, {"id": 246, "name": "American Samoa", "code": "ASM"}, {"id": 290, "name": "Americas", "code": null}, {"id": 18, "name": "Andorra", "code": "AND"}, {"id": 19, "name": "Angola", "code": "AGO"}, {"id": 228, "name": "Anguilla", "code": "AIA"}, {"id": 20, "name": "Antigua and Barbuda", "code": "ATG"}, {"id": 21, "name": "Argentina", "code": "ARG"}, {"id": 22, "name": "Armenia", "code": "ARM"}, {"id": 219, "name": "Aruba", "code": "ABW"}, {"id": 275, "name": "Asia", "code": null}, {"id": 23, "name": "Australia", "code": "AUS"}, {"id": 24, "name": "Austria", "code": "AUT"}, {"id": 25, "name": "Azerbaijan", "code": "AZE"}, {"id": 26, "name": "Bahamas", "code": "BHS"}, {"id": 27, "name": "Bahrain", "code": "BHR"}, {"id": 28, "name": "Bangladesh", "code": "BGD"}, {"id": 29, "name": "Barbados", "code": "BRB"}, {"id": 30, "name": "Belarus", "code": "BLR"}, {"id": 4, "name": "Belgium", "code": "BEL"}, {"id": 31, "name": "Belize", "code": "BLZ"}, {"id": 32, "name": "Benin", "code": "BEN"}, {"id": 194, "name": "Bermuda", "code": "BMU"}, {"id": 33, "name": "Bhutan", "code": "BTN"}, {"id": 34, "name": "Bolivia", "code": "BOL"}, {"id": 348, "name": "Bonaire Sint Eustatius and Saba", "code": "BES"}, {"id": 35, "name": "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "code": "BIH"}, {"id": 36, "name": "Botswana", "code": "BWA"}, {"id": 37, "name": "Brazil", "code": "BRA"}, {"id": 196, "name": "British Virgin Islands", "code": "VGB"}, {"id": 38, "name": "Brunei", "code": "BRN"}, {"id": 39, "name": "Bulgaria", "code": "BGR"}, {"id": 40, "name": "Burkina Faso", "code": "BFA"}, {"id": 41, "name": "Burundi", "code": "BDI"}, {"id": 42, "name": "Cambodia", "code": "KHM"}, {"id": 43, "name": "Cameroon", "code": "CMR"}, {"id": 44, "name": "Canada", "code": "CAN"}, {"id": 45, "name": "Cape Verde", "code": "CPV"}, {"id": 197, "name": "Cayman Islands", "code": "CYM"}, {"id": 174, "name": "Central African Republic", "code": "CAF"}, {"id": 173, "name": "Chad", "code": "TCD"}, {"id": 172, "name": "Chile", "code": "CHL"}, {"id": 171, "name": "China", "code": "CHN"}, {"id": 170, "name": "Colombia", "code": "COL"}, {"id": 169, "name": "Comoros", "code": "COM"}, {"id": 168, "name": "Congo", "code": "COG"}, {"id": 199, "name": "Cook Islands", "code": "COK"}, {"id": 166, "name": "Costa Rica", "code": "CRI"}, {"id": 143, "name": "Cote d'Ivoire", "code": "CIV"}, {"id": 165, "name": "Croatia", "code": "HRV"}, {"id": 164, "name": "Cuba", "code": "CUB"}, {"id": 279, "name": "Curacao", "code": "CUW"}, {"id": 163, "name": "Cyprus", "code": "CYP"}, {"id": 162, "name": "Czechia", "code": "CZE"}, {"id": 167, "name": "Democratic Republic of Congo", "code": "COD"}, {"id": 161, "name": "Denmark", "code": "DNK"}, {"id": 154, "name": "Djibouti", "code": "DJI"}, {"id": 200, "name": "Dominica", "code": "DMA"}, {"id": 160, "name": "Dominican Republic", "code": "DOM"}, {"id": 225, "name": "East Timor", "code": "TLS"}, {"id": 201, "name": "Ecuador", "code": "ECU"}, {"id": 65, "name": "Egypt", "code": "EGY"}, {"id": 259, "name": "El Salvador", "code": "SLV"}, {"id": 278, "name": "England and Wales", "code": null}, {"id": 159, "name": "Equatorial Guinea", "code": "GNQ"}, {"id": 157, "name": "Eritrea", "code": "ERI"}, {"id": 156, "name": "Estonia", "code": "EST"}, {"id": 78, "name": "Eswatini", "code": "SWZ"}, {"id": 158, "name": "Ethiopia", "code": "ETH"}, {"id": 276, "name": "Europe", "code": null}, {"id": 249, "name": "Falkland Islands", "code": "FLK"}, {"id": 250, "name": "Faroe Islands", "code": "FRO"}, {"id": 202, "name": "Fiji", "code": "FJI"}, {"id": 155, "name": "Finland", "code": "FIN"}, {"id": 3, "name": "France", "code": "FRA"}, {"id": 253, "name": "French Guiana", "code": "GUF"}, {"id": 203, "name": "French Polynesia", "code": "PYF"}, {"id": 153, "name": "Gabon", "code": "GAB"}, {"id": 151, "name": "Gambia", "code": "GMB"}, {"id": 152, "name": "Georgia", "code": "GEO"}, {"id": 6, "name": "Germany", "code": "DEU"}, {"id": 150, "name": "Ghana", "code": "GHA"}, {"id": 251, "name": "Gibraltar", "code": "GIB"}, {"id": 149, "name": "Greece", "code": "GRC"}, {"id": 205, "name": "Greenland", "code": "GRL"}, {"id": 206, "name": "Grenada", "code": "GRD"}, {"id": 252, "name": "Guadeloupe", "code": "GLP"}, {"id": 254, "name": "Guam", "code": "GUM"}, {"id": 148, "name": "Guatemala", "code": "GTM"}, {"id": 282, "name": "Guernsey", "code": "GGY"}, {"id": 147, "name": "Guinea", "code": "GIN"}, {"id": 94, "name": "Guinea-Bissau", "code": "GNB"}, {"id": 146, "name": "Guyana", "code": "GUY"}, {"id": 145, "name": "Haiti", "code": "HTI"}, {"id": 370968, "name": "High-and-upper-middle-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 457, "name": "High-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 139, "name": "Honduras", "code": "HND"}, {"id": 144, "name": "Hong Kong", "code": "HKG"}, {"id": 138, "name": "Hungary", "code": "HUN"}, {"id": 207, "name": "Iceland", "code": "ISL"}, {"id": 137, "name": "India", "code": "IND"}, {"id": 136, "name": "Indonesia", "code": "IDN"}, {"id": 135, "name": "Iran", "code": "IRN"}, {"id": 134, "name": "Iraq", "code": "IRQ"}, {"id": 2, "name": "Ireland", "code": "IRL"}, {"id": 265, "name": "Isle of Man", "code": "IMN"}, {"id": 133, "name": "Israel", "code": "ISR"}, {"id": 8, "name": "Italy", "code": "ITA"}, {"id": 132, "name": "Jamaica", "code": "JAM"}, {"id": 14, "name": "Japan", "code": "JPN"}, {"id": 283, "name": "Jersey", "code": "JEY"}, {"id": 130, "name": "Jordan", "code": "JOR"}, {"id": 131, "name": "Kazakhstan", "code": "KAZ"}, {"id": 129, "name": "Kenya", "code": "KEN"}, {"id": 204, "name": "Kiribati", "code": "KIR"}, {"id": 379, "name": "Kosovo", "code": "OWID_KOS"}, {"id": 208, "name": "Kuwait", "code": "KWT"}, {"id": 126, "name": "Kyrgyzstan", "code": "KGZ"}, {"id": 92373, "name": "Land-locked Developing Countries (LLDC)", "code": null}, {"id": 125, "name": "Laos", "code": "LAO"}, {"id": 343, "name": "Latin America and the Caribbean", "code": null}, {"id": 122, "name": "Latvia", "code": "LVA"}, {"id": 454, "name": "Least developed countries", "code": null}, {"id": 124, "name": "Lebanon", "code": "LBN"}, {"id": 123, "name": "Lesotho", "code": "LSO"}, {"id": 453, "name": "Less developed regions", "code": null}, {"id": 456, "name": "Less developed regions, excluding China", "code": null}, {"id": 455, "name": "Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries", "code": null}, {"id": 121, "name": "Liberia", "code": "LBR"}, {"id": 120, "name": "Libya", "code": "LBY"}, {"id": 209, "name": "Liechtenstein", "code": "LIE"}, {"id": 119, "name": "Lithuania", "code": "LTU"}, {"id": 370967, "name": "Low-and-Lower-middle-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 370966, "name": "Low-and-middle-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 461, "name": "Low-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 460, "name": "Lower-middle-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 210, "name": "Luxembourg", "code": "LUX"}, {"id": 262, "name": "Macao", "code": "MAC"}, {"id": 118, "name": "Madagascar", "code": "MDG"}, {"id": 117, "name": "Malawi", "code": "MWI"}, {"id": 116, "name": "Malaysia", "code": "MYS"}, {"id": 211, "name": "Maldives", "code": "MDV"}, {"id": 115, "name": "Mali", "code": "MLI"}, {"id": 212, "name": "Malta", "code": "MLT"}, {"id": 223, "name": "Marshall Islands", "code": "MHL"}, {"id": 284, "name": "Martinique", "code": "MTQ"}, {"id": 114, "name": "Mauritania", "code": "MRT"}, {"id": 213, "name": "Mauritius", "code": "MUS"}, {"id": 193, "name": "Mayotte", "code": "MYT"}, {"id": 113, "name": "Mexico", "code": "MEX"}, {"id": 222, "name": "Micronesia (country)", "code": "FSM"}, {"id": 458, "name": "Middle-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 111, "name": "Moldova", "code": "MDA"}, {"id": 214, "name": "Monaco", "code": "MCO"}, {"id": 112, "name": "Mongolia", "code": "MNG"}, {"id": 215, "name": "Montenegro", "code": "MNE"}, {"id": 216, "name": "Montserrat", "code": "MSR"}, {"id": 452, "name": "More developed regions", "code": null}, {"id": 110, "name": "Morocco", "code": "MAR"}, {"id": 109, "name": "Mozambique", "code": "MOZ"}, {"id": 142, "name": "Myanmar", "code": "MMR"}, {"id": 108, "name": "Namibia", "code": "NAM"}, {"id": 218, "name": "Nauru", "code": "NRU"}, {"id": 107, "name": "Nepal", "code": "NPL"}, {"id": 5, "name": "Netherlands", "code": "NLD"}, {"id": 220, "name": "New Caledonia", "code": "NCL"}, {"id": 106, "name": "New Zealand", "code": "NZL"}, {"id": 105, "name": "Nicaragua", "code": "NIC"}, {"id": 104, "name": "Niger", "code": "NER"}, {"id": 103, "name": "Nigeria", "code": "NGA"}, {"id": 261, "name": "Niue", "code": "NIU"}, {"id": 92374, "name": "No income group available", "code": null}, {"id": 128, "name": "North Korea", "code": "PRK"}, {"id": 66, "name": "North Macedonia", "code": "MKD"}, {"id": 450, "name": "Northern America", "code": null}, {"id": 357, "name": "Northern Ireland", "code": null}, {"id": 266, "name": "Northern Mariana Islands", "code": "MNP"}, {"id": 102, "name": "Norway", "code": "NOR"}, {"id": 277, "name": "Oceania", "code": null}, {"id": 217, "name": "Oman", "code": "OMN"}, {"id": 101, "name": "Pakistan", "code": "PAK"}, {"id": 224, "name": "Palau", "code": "PLW"}, {"id": 140, "name": "Palestine", "code": "PSE"}, {"id": 100, "name": "Panama", "code": "PAN"}, {"id": 99, "name": "Papua New Guinea", "code": "PNG"}, {"id": 98, "name": "Paraguay", "code": "PRY"}, {"id": 97, "name": "Peru", "code": "PER"}, {"id": 96, "name": "Philippines", "code": "PHL"}, {"id": 11, "name": "Poland", "code": "POL"}, {"id": 95, "name": "Portugal", "code": "PRT"}, {"id": 93, "name": "Puerto Rico", "code": "PRI"}, {"id": 226, "name": "Qatar", "code": "QAT"}, {"id": 245, "name": "Reunion", "code": "REU"}, {"id": 92, "name": "Romania", "code": "ROU"}, {"id": 12, "name": "Russia", "code": "RUS"}, {"id": 91, "name": "Rwanda", "code": "RWA"}, {"id": 297, "name": "Saint Barthelemy", "code": "BLM"}, {"id": 260, "name": "Saint Helena", "code": "SHN"}, {"id": 227, "name": "Saint Kitts and Nevis", "code": "KNA"}, {"id": 229, "name": "Saint Lucia", "code": "LCA"}, {"id": 280, "name": "Saint Martin (French part)", "code": "MAF"}, {"id": 353, "name": "Saint Pierre and Miquelon", "code": "SPM"}, {"id": 230, "name": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", "code": "VCT"}, {"id": 239, "name": "Samoa", "code": "WSM"}, {"id": 231, "name": "San Marino", "code": "SMR"}, {"id": 232, "name": "Sao Tome and Principe", "code": "STP"}, {"id": 90, "name": "Saudi Arabia", "code": "SAU"}, {"id": 358, "name": "Scotland", "code": null}, {"id": 89, "name": "Senegal", "code": "SEN"}, {"id": 88, "name": "Serbia", "code": "SRB"}, {"id": 233, "name": "Seychelles", "code": "SYC"}, {"id": 87, "name": "Sierra Leone", "code": "SLE"}, {"id": 86, "name": "Singapore", "code": "SGP"}, {"id": 281, "name": "Sint Maarten (Dutch part)", "code": "SXM"}, {"id": 85, "name": "Slovakia", "code": "SVK"}, {"id": 83, "name": "Slovenia", "code": "SVN"}, {"id": 38229, "name": "Small Island Developing States (SIDS)", "code": null}, {"id": 195, "name": "Solomon Islands", "code": "SLB"}, {"id": 82, "name": "Somalia", "code": "SOM"}, {"id": 81, "name": "South Africa", "code": "ZAF"}, {"id": 127, "name": "South Korea", "code": "KOR"}, {"id": 258, "name": "South Sudan", "code": "SSD"}, {"id": 9, "name": "Spain", "code": "ESP"}, {"id": 141, "name": "Sri Lanka", "code": "LKA"}, {"id": 79, "name": "Sudan", "code": "SDN"}, {"id": 234, "name": "Suriname", "code": "SUR"}, {"id": 10, "name": "Sweden", "code": "SWE"}, {"id": 7, "name": "Switzerland", "code": "CHE"}, {"id": 77, "name": "Syria", "code": "SYR"}, {"id": 198, "name": "Taiwan", "code": "TWN"}, {"id": 76, "name": "Tajikistan", "code": "TJK"}, {"id": 64, "name": "Tanzania", "code": "TZA"}, {"id": 75, "name": "Thailand", "code": "THA"}, {"id": 74, "name": "Togo", "code": "TGO"}, {"id": 287, "name": "Tokelau", "code": "TKL"}, {"id": 235, "name": "Tonga", "code": "TON"}, {"id": 73, "name": "Trinidad and Tobago", "code": "TTO"}, {"id": 71, "name": "Tunisia", "code": "TUN"}, {"id": 70, "name": "Turkey", "code": "TUR"}, {"id": 69, "name": "Turkmenistan", "code": "TKM"}, {"id": 236, "name": "Turks and Caicos Islands", "code": "TCA"}, {"id": 237, "name": "Tuvalu", "code": "TUV"}, {"id": 270, "name": "USSR", "code": "OWID_USS"}, {"id": 68, "name": "Uganda", "code": "UGA"}, {"id": 67, "name": "Ukraine", "code": "UKR"}, {"id": 72, "name": "United Arab Emirates", "code": "ARE"}, {"id": 1, "name": "United Kingdom", "code": "GBR"}, {"id": 13, "name": "United States", "code": "USA"}, {"id": 256, "name": "United States Virgin Islands", "code": "VIR"}, {"id": 459, "name": "Upper-middle-income countries", "code": null}, {"id": 63, "name": "Uruguay", "code": "URY"}, {"id": 62, "name": "Uzbekistan", "code": "UZB"}, {"id": 221, "name": "Vanuatu", "code": "VUT"}, {"id": 257, "name": "Vatican", "code": "VAT"}, {"id": 238, "name": "Venezuela", "code": "VEN"}, {"id": 84, "name": "Vietnam", "code": "VNM"}, {"id": 255, "name": "Wallis and Futuna", "code": "WLF"}, {"id": 248, "name": "Western Sahara", "code": "ESH"}, {"id": 355, "name": "World", "code": "OWID_WRL"}, {"id": 61, "name": "Yemen", "code": "YEM"}, {"id": 60, "name": "Zambia", "code": "ZMB"}, {"id": 80, "name": "Zimbabwe", "code": "ZWE"}]}}, "descriptionShort": "[Period life expectancy](#dod:period-life-expectancy) is the number of years the average person born in a certain year would live if they experienced the same chances of dying at each age as people did that year.", "descriptionProcessing": "This chart combines data from several sources. For country-level data before 1950, we use the Human Mortality Database (2024) data and Zijdeman et al. (2015). For country-years where these sources overlap, we use the Human Mortality Database.\n\nFor regional data, before 1950, we use Riley's (2005) estimates.\n\nFrom 1950 onwards, we use the United Nations World Population Prospects (2024) for both country-level and regional data.", "type": "float", "grapherConfigIdETL": "01938d61-ee79-7770-bc23-39f947387956", "dataChecksum": "3559167981425411745", "metadataChecksum": "-3905390299110912160", "datasetName": "Life Expectancy (period)", "updatePeriodDays": 365, "datasetVersion": "2024-12-03", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"name": "Life expectancy", "unit": "years", "shortUnit": "years", "numDecimalPlaces": 1}, "schemaVersion": 2, "processingLevel": "major", "presentation": {"titlePublic": "Life expectancy", "titleVariant": "Long-run data", "attributionShort": "Riley; Zijdeman et al.; HMD; UN WPP", "attribution": "Riley (2005); Zijdeman et al. (2015); HMD (2024); UN WPP (2024)", "topicTagsLinks": ["Life Expectancy"]}, "descriptionKey": ["Across the world, people are living longer. In 1900, the global average life expectancy was 32 years. By 2023, this had more than doubled to 73 years.", "Countries around the world made big improvements, and life expectancy more than doubled in every region. This wasn\u2019t just due to falling child mortality; people started living longer at all ages.", "Even after World War II, there have been large drops in life expectancy, such as during the Great Leap Forward famine in China, the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, the Rwandan genocide, or the COVID-19 pandemic.", "This chart shows long-run estimates of life expectancy compiled by our team from several data sources.", "Period life expectancy is an indicator that summarizes death rates across all age groups in one particular year. It shows how long the average baby born in that year would be expected to live if they experienced the same chances of dying at each age as people did in that year.", "Before 1950, for country-level data, we rely on the [Human Mortality Database (2024)](https://www.mortality.org/Data/ZippedDataFiles) combined with [Zijdeman (2015)](https://clio-infra.eu/Indicators/LifeExpectancyatBirthTotal.html). For regional data, we use [Riley (2005)](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2005.00083.x). From 1950 onward, we use the [United Nations World Population Prospects (2024)](https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads)."], "origins": [{"id": 6871, "title": "Human Mortality Database", "description": "The Human Mortality Database (HMD) is a research resource that provides detailed mortality and population data for national populations with high-quality vital statistics. It includes original calculations of death rates and life tables, as well as the underlying data \u2014 such as birth counts, death counts, and census-based population estimates \u2014 used to produce these metrics.\n\nIts scope is limited to countries with virtually complete death registration and census coverage, mostly wealthy and industrialized nations. The database\u2019s core mission is to document the historical rise in human longevity and support research into its causes and implications. HMD follows a rigorous, uniform methodology focused on transparency, reproducibility, and comparability, while acknowledging limitations such as age misreporting and data coverage issues.\n\nEach country\u2019s dataset is curated and quality-checked by dedicated researchers, ensuring reliability for demographic and public health analysis.", "producer": "Human Mortality Database", "citationFull": "HMD. Human Mortality Database. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (Germany), University of California, Berkeley (USA), and French Institute for Demographic Studies (France). Available at www.mortality.org.\n\nSee also the methods protocol:\nWilmoth, J. R., Andreev, K., Jdanov, D., Glei, D. A., Riffe, T., Boe, C., Bubenheim, M., Philipov, D., Shkolnikov, V., Vachon, P., Winant, C., & Barbieri, M. (2021). Methods protocol for the human mortality database (v6). [Available online](https://www.mortality.org/File/GetDocument/Public/Docs/MethodsProtocolV6.pdf) (needs log in to mortality.org).", "attributionShort": "HMD", "urlMain": "https://www.mortality.org/Data/ZippedDataFiles", "dateAccessed": "2024-11-27", "datePublished": "2024-11-13", "license": {"url": "https://www.mortality.org/Data/UserAgreement", "name": "CC BY 4.0"}}, {"id": 6887, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects - Life Tables (Both sexes)", "title": "World Population Prospects", "descriptionSnapshot": "Provides single-age life tables up to age 100 for both sexes with a set of values showing the mortality experience of a hypothetical group of infants born at the same time and subject throughout their lifetime to the specific mortality rates of a given year. The following series are provided: age-specific mortality rates (mx), probabilities of dying (qx), probabilities of surviving (px), number surviving (lx), number dying (dx), number of person-years lived (Lx), survivorship ratios (Sx), cumulative stationary population (Tx), average remaining life expectancy (ex) and average number of years lived (ax).", "description": "The World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality, and international migration for 237 countries or areas.\n\nFor each revision, any new, recent, and historical, information that has become available from population censuses, vital registration of births and deaths, and household surveys is considered to produce consistent time series of population estimates for each country or areas from 1950 to today\n\nFor the estimation period between 1950 and 2023, data from 1,910 censuses were considered in the present evaluation, which is 79 more than the 2022 revision. In some countries, population registers based on administrative data systems provide the necessary information. Population data from censuses or registers referring to 2019 or later were available for 114 countries or areas, representing 48 per cent of the 237 countries or areas included in this analysis (and 54 per cent of the world population). For 43 countries or areas, the most recent available population count was from the period 2014-2018, and for another 57 locations from the period 2009-2013. For the remaining 23 countries or areas, the most recent available census data were from before 2009, that is more than 15 years ago.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "dateAccessed": "2024-12-02", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6888, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects - Life Tables (Female)", "title": "World Population Prospects", "descriptionSnapshot": "Provides single-age life tables up to age 100 for females with a set of values showing the mortality experience of a hypothetical group of infants born at the same time and subject throughout their lifetime to the specific mortality rates of a given year. The following series are provided: age-specific mortality rates (mx), probabilities of dying (qx), probabilities of surviving (px), number surviving (lx), number dying (dx), number of person-years lived (Lx), survivorship ratios (Sx), cumulative stationary population (Tx), average remaining life expectancy (ex) and average number of years lived (ax).", "description": "The World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality, and international migration for 237 countries or areas.\n\nFor each revision, any new, recent, and historical, information that has become available from population censuses, vital registration of births and deaths, and household surveys is considered to produce consistent time series of population estimates for each country or areas from 1950 to today\n\nFor the estimation period between 1950 and 2023, data from 1,910 censuses were considered in the present evaluation, which is 79 more than the 2022 revision. In some countries, population registers based on administrative data systems provide the necessary information. Population data from censuses or registers referring to 2019 or later were available for 114 countries or areas, representing 48 per cent of the 237 countries or areas included in this analysis (and 54 per cent of the world population). For 43 countries or areas, the most recent available population count was from the period 2014-2018, and for another 57 locations from the period 2009-2013. For the remaining 23 countries or areas, the most recent available census data were from before 2009, that is more than 15 years ago.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "dateAccessed": "2024-12-02", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6889, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects - Life Tables (Male)", "title": "World Population Prospects", "descriptionSnapshot": "Provides single-age life tables up to age 100 for males with a set of values showing the mortality experience of a hypothetical group of infants born at the same time and subject throughout their lifetime to the specific mortality rates of a given year. The following series are provided: age-specific mortality rates (mx), probabilities of dying (qx), probabilities of surviving (px), number surviving (lx), number dying (dx), number of person-years lived (Lx), survivorship ratios (Sx), cumulative stationary population (Tx), average remaining life expectancy (ex) and average number of years lived (ax).", "description": "The World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality, and international migration for 237 countries or areas.\n\nFor each revision, any new, recent, and historical, information that has become available from population censuses, vital registration of births and deaths, and household surveys is considered to produce consistent time series of population estimates for each country or areas from 1950 to today\n\nFor the estimation period between 1950 and 2023, data from 1,910 censuses were considered in the present evaluation, which is 79 more than the 2022 revision. In some countries, population registers based on administrative data systems provide the necessary information. Population data from censuses or registers referring to 2019 or later were available for 114 countries or areas, representing 48 per cent of the 237 countries or areas included in this analysis (and 54 per cent of the world population). For 43 countries or areas, the most recent available population count was from the period 2014-2018, and for another 57 locations from the period 2009-2013. For the remaining 23 countries or areas, the most recent available census data were from before 2009, that is more than 15 years ago.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "dateAccessed": "2024-12-02", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6890, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects - Life Tables (Medium projections, Both sexes)", "title": "World Population Prospects", "descriptionSnapshot": "Provides single-age life tables up to age 100 for both sexes projected to 2024-2100 using Medium scenario. It contains a set of values showing the mortality experience of a hypothetical group of infants born at the same time and subject throughout their lifetime to the specific mortality rates of a given year. The following series are provided: age-specific mortality rates (mx), probabilities of dying (qx), probabilities of surviving (px), number surviving (lx), number dying (dx), number of person-years lived (Lx), survivorship ratios (Sx), cumulative stationary population (Tx), average remaining life expectancy (ex) and average number of years lived (ax).", "description": "The World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality, and international migration for 237 countries or areas.\n\nFor each revision, any new, recent, and historical, information that has become available from population censuses, vital registration of births and deaths, and household surveys is considered to produce consistent time series of population estimates for each country or areas from 1950 to today\n\nFor the estimation period between 1950 and 2023, data from 1,910 censuses were considered in the present evaluation, which is 79 more than the 2022 revision. In some countries, population registers based on administrative data systems provide the necessary information. Population data from censuses or registers referring to 2019 or later were available for 114 countries or areas, representing 48 per cent of the 237 countries or areas included in this analysis (and 54 per cent of the world population). For 43 countries or areas, the most recent available population count was from the period 2014-2018, and for another 57 locations from the period 2009-2013. For the remaining 23 countries or areas, the most recent available census data were from before 2009, that is more than 15 years ago.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "dateAccessed": "2024-12-17", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6891, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects - Life Tables (Medium projections, Female)", "title": "World Population Prospects", "descriptionSnapshot": "Provides single-age life tables up to age 100 for females projected to 2024-2100 using Medium scenario. It contains a set of values showing the mortality experience of a hypothetical group of infants born at the same time and subject throughout their lifetime to the specific mortality rates of a given year. The following series are provided: age-specific mortality rates (mx), probabilities of dying (qx), probabilities of surviving (px), number surviving (lx), number dying (dx), number of person-years lived (Lx), survivorship ratios (Sx), cumulative stationary population (Tx), average remaining life expectancy (ex) and average number of years lived (ax).", "description": "The World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality, and international migration for 237 countries or areas.\n\nFor each revision, any new, recent, and historical, information that has become available from population censuses, vital registration of births and deaths, and household surveys is considered to produce consistent time series of population estimates for each country or areas from 1950 to today\n\nFor the estimation period between 1950 and 2023, data from 1,910 censuses were considered in the present evaluation, which is 79 more than the 2022 revision. In some countries, population registers based on administrative data systems provide the necessary information. Population data from censuses or registers referring to 2019 or later were available for 114 countries or areas, representing 48 per cent of the 237 countries or areas included in this analysis (and 54 per cent of the world population). For 43 countries or areas, the most recent available population count was from the period 2014-2018, and for another 57 locations from the period 2009-2013. For the remaining 23 countries or areas, the most recent available census data were from before 2009, that is more than 15 years ago.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "dateAccessed": "2024-12-17", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6892, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects - Life Tables (Medium projections, Male)", "title": "World Population Prospects", "descriptionSnapshot": "Provides single-age life tables up to age 100 for males projected to 2024-2100 using Medium scenario. It contains a set of values showing the mortality experience of a hypothetical group of infants born at the same time and subject throughout their lifetime to the specific mortality rates of a given year. The following series are provided: age-specific mortality rates (mx), probabilities of dying (qx), probabilities of surviving (px), number surviving (lx), number dying (dx), number of person-years lived (Lx), survivorship ratios (Sx), cumulative stationary population (Tx), average remaining life expectancy (ex) and average number of years lived (ax).", "description": "The World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality, and international migration for 237 countries or areas.\n\nFor each revision, any new, recent, and historical, information that has become available from population censuses, vital registration of births and deaths, and household surveys is considered to produce consistent time series of population estimates for each country or areas from 1950 to today\n\nFor the estimation period between 1950 and 2023, data from 1,910 censuses were considered in the present evaluation, which is 79 more than the 2022 revision. In some countries, population registers based on administrative data systems provide the necessary information. Population data from censuses or registers referring to 2019 or later were available for 114 countries or areas, representing 48 per cent of the 237 countries or areas included in this analysis (and 54 per cent of the world population). For 43 countries or areas, the most recent available population count was from the period 2014-2018, and for another 57 locations from the period 2009-2013. For the remaining 23 countries or areas, the most recent available census data were from before 2009, that is more than 15 years ago.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "dateAccessed": "2024-12-17", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6893, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects, Demographic indicators", "title": "World Population Prospects", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality and international migration for 237 countries or areas. If you have questions about this dataset, please refer to [their FAQ](https://population.un.org/wpp/faqs). You can also explore [data sources](https://population.un.org/wpp/data-sources) for each country or visit [their main page](https://population.un.org/wpp/) for more details.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2024_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_FULL.xlsx", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6873, "title": "Life Expectancy at birth", "description": "This dataset provides the period Life Expectancy at birth per country and year. The overall aim of the dataset is to cover the entire world from 1500-2000.\n\nThis version (version 2) was built as part of the OECD \"How was life\" project. The dataset has nearly global coverage for the post-1950 period, while pre-1950 coverage decreases the more historic the period. Depending on sources, the data are annual estimates, five-yearly or decadal estimates.\n\n  The sources used are:\n\n  - [UN World Population Project](http://esa.un.org/wpp/).\n  - [Human Mortality Database](http://www.mortality.org).\n  - [Gapminder](http://www.gapminder.org).\n  - [OECD](http://stats.oecd.org).\n  - [Montevideo-Oxford Latin America Economic History Database](http://www.lac.ox.ac.uk/moxlad-database).\n  - [ONS](http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/datasets-and-tables/index.html).\n  - [Australian Bureau of Statistics](http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/web+pages/statistics?opendocument#from-banner=LN).\n  - Kannisto, V., Nieminen, M. & Turpeinen, O. (1999). Finnish Life Tables since 1751, Demographic Research, 1(1), DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.1999.1.1\n\n  For specifics concerning (selections of) the sources, see the R code available in the working paper [here](https://clio-infra.eu/Indicators/LifeExpectancyatBirthTotal.html).", "producer": "Zijdeman et al.", "citationFull": "Zijdeman, Richard and Filipa Ribeira da Silva (2015). Life Expectancy at Birth (Total). http://hdl.handle.net/10622/LKYT53, accessed via the Clio Infra website.", "versionProducer": "v2", "urlMain": "https://clio-infra.eu/Indicators/LifeExpectancyatBirthTotal.html", "urlDownload": "https://clio-infra.eu/data/LifeExpectancyatBirth(Total)_Broad.xlsx", "dateAccessed": "2023-10-10", "datePublished": "2014-07-26", "license": {"url": "https://datasets.iisg.amsterdam/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=hdl:10622/LKYT53", "name": "CC0 1.0 Universal"}}, {"id": 148, "title": "Estimates of Regional and Global Life Expectancy, 1800-2001", "description": "Historians and demographers have gone through considerable trouble to reconstruct life expectancy in the past in individual countries.\n\nThis overview collects information from a large body of that work and links estimates for historical populations to those provided by the United Nations, the World Bank, and other sources for 1950\u20132001. The result shows regional and global life expectancy at birth for selected years from 1800 to 2001. The bibliography of more than 700 sources is published separately on the web.", "producer": "James C. Riley", "citationFull": "Riley, J.C. (2005), Estimates of Regional and Global Life Expectancy, 1800\u20132001. Population and Development Review, 31: 537-543. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2005.00083.x", "urlMain": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2005.00083.x", "urlDownload": "https://u.demog.berkeley.edu/~jrw/Biblio/Eprints/%20P-S/riley.2005_estimates.global.e0.pdf", "dateAccessed": "2023-10-10", "datePublished": "2005-10-21", "license": {"url": "https://about.jstor.org/terms/", "name": "JSTOR terms"}}]}