{"id": 812712, "name": "Number of ongoing conflicts - Hostility level: Display of force", "unit": "conflicts", "createdAt": "2023-09-22T09:05:57.000Z", "updatedAt": "2025-03-14T14:59:48.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "1816-2014", "datasetId": 6226, "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "number_ongoing_conflicts__hostility_level_display_of_force", "catalogPath": "grapher/war/2023-09-21/mie/mie#number_ongoing_conflicts__hostility_level_display_of_force", "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 1816}, {"id": 1817}, {"id": 1818}, {"id": 1819}, {"id": 1820}, {"id": 1821}, {"id": 1822}, {"id": 1823}, {"id": 1824}, {"id": 1825}, {"id": 1826}, {"id": 1827}, {"id": 1828}, {"id": 1829}, {"id": 1830}, {"id": 1831}, {"id": 1832}, {"id": 1833}, {"id": 1834}, {"id": 1835}, {"id": 1836}, {"id": 1837}, {"id": 1838}, {"id": 1839}, {"id": 1840}, {"id": 1841}, {"id": 1842}, {"id": 1843}, {"id": 1844}, {"id": 1845}, {"id": 1846}, {"id": 1847}, {"id": 1848}, {"id": 1849}, {"id": 1850}, {"id": 1851}, {"id": 1852}, {"id": 1853}, {"id": 1854}, {"id": 1855}, {"id": 1856}, {"id": 1857}, {"id": 1858}, {"id": 1859}, {"id": 1860}, {"id": 1861}, {"id": 1862}, {"id": 1863}, {"id": 1864}, {"id": 1865}, {"id": 1866}, {"id": 1867}, {"id": 1868}, {"id": 1869}, {"id": 1870}, {"id": 1871}, {"id": 1872}, {"id": 1873}, {"id": 1874}, {"id": 1875}, {"id": 1876}, {"id": 1877}, {"id": 1878}, {"id": 1879}, {"id": 1880}, {"id": 1881}, {"id": 1882}, {"id": 1883}, {"id": 1884}, {"id": 1885}, {"id": 1886}, {"id": 1887}, {"id": 1888}, {"id": 1889}, {"id": 1890}, {"id": 1891}, {"id": 1892}, {"id": 1893}, {"id": 1894}, {"id": 1895}, {"id": 1896}, {"id": 1897}, {"id": 1898}, {"id": 1899}, {"id": 1900}, {"id": 1901}, {"id": 1902}, {"id": 1903}, {"id": 1904}, {"id": 1905}, {"id": 1906}, {"id": 1907}, {"id": 1908}, {"id": 1909}, {"id": 1910}, {"id": 1911}, {"id": 1912}, {"id": 1913}, {"id": 1914}, {"id": 1915}, {"id": 1916}, {"id": 1917}, {"id": 1918}, {"id": 1919}, {"id": 1920}, {"id": 1921}, {"id": 1922}, {"id": 1923}, {"id": 1924}, {"id": 1925}, {"id": 1926}, {"id": 1927}, {"id": 1928}, {"id": 1929}, {"id": 1930}, {"id": 1931}, {"id": 1932}, {"id": 1933}, {"id": 1934}, {"id": 1935}, {"id": 1936}, {"id": 1937}, {"id": 1938}, {"id": 1939}, {"id": 1940}, {"id": 1941}, {"id": 1942}, {"id": 1943}, {"id": 1944}, {"id": 1945}, {"id": 1946}, {"id": 1947}, {"id": 1948}, {"id": 1949}, {"id": 1950}, {"id": 1951}, {"id": 1952}, {"id": 1953}, {"id": 1954}, {"id": 1955}, {"id": 1956}, {"id": 1957}, {"id": 1958}, {"id": 1959}, {"id": 1960}, {"id": 1961}, {"id": 1962}, {"id": 1963}, {"id": 1964}, {"id": 1965}, {"id": 1966}, {"id": 1967}, {"id": 1968}, {"id": 1969}, {"id": 1970}, {"id": 1971}, {"id": 1972}, {"id": 1973}, {"id": 1974}, {"id": 1975}, {"id": 1976}, {"id": 1977}, {"id": 1978}, {"id": 1979}, {"id": 1980}, {"id": 1981}, {"id": 1982}, {"id": 1983}, {"id": 1984}, {"id": 1985}, {"id": 1986}, {"id": 1987}, {"id": 1988}, {"id": 1989}, {"id": 1990}, {"id": 1991}, {"id": 1992}, {"id": 1993}, {"id": 1994}, {"id": 1995}, {"id": 1996}, {"id": 1997}, {"id": 1998}, {"id": 1999}, {"id": 2000}, {"id": 2001}, {"id": 2002}, {"id": 2003}, {"id": 2004}, {"id": 2005}, {"id": 2006}, {"id": 2007}, {"id": 2008}, {"id": 2009}, {"id": 2010}, {"id": 2011}, {"id": 2012}, {"id": 2013}, {"id": 2014}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 273, "name": "Africa", "code": null}, {"id": 290, "name": "Americas", "code": null}, {"id": 29325, "name": "Asia and Oceania", "code": null}, {"id": 276, "name": "Europe", "code": null}, {"id": 25487, "name": "Middle East", "code": null}, {"id": 355, "name": "World", "code": "OWID_WRL"}]}}, "descriptionShort": "Included are conflicts between states where, at most, force was displayed that year.", "type": "int", "grapherConfigIdETL": "0191c16a-91ad-7475-bb61-48349c8460d5", "dataChecksum": "10476894134677297102", "metadataChecksum": "7220271454132357212", "datasetName": "History of war (Gibler and Miller, 2020)", "datasetVersion": "2023-09-21", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"unit": "conflicts", "numDecimalPlaces": 0}, "schemaVersion": 2, "processingLevel": "major", "presentation": {"topicTagsLinks": ["War & Peace"]}, "descriptionKey": ["An interstate conflict is a disagreement between states where force is threatened, displayed, or used.", "A threat of force can be unspecified, or entail threatening to declare war or to occupy territory; a display of force can entail shows of force or border violations; a use of force can entail attacks, clashes, or battles.", "We count a conflict as ongoing in a region even if the conflict is also ongoing in other regions. The sum across all regions can therefore be higher than the total number of ongoing conflicts.", "The hostility level for a conflict overall is the highest level across all world regions."], "origins": [{"id": 294, "title": "Militarized Interstate Events", "description": "\nThe MIE data includes daily events data that correspond to the Jones, Bremer, and Singer (1997) coding rules, with some additional coding changes as described in the codebook.\n\n\nA Militarized Interstate Event (MIE) is a threat, display, or use of force by one state in the Correlates of War (CoW) international system against another state. We faithfully implement the coding rules described in Jones, Bremer and Singer (1996) and the changes to the\ncoding rules made by CoW in the years since. Nevertheless, we also do make several coding rule changes to remove ambiguities in the rules and to provide additional information for researchers.\n\nThe changes we make and rationale for them are described well in the manuscript. Of particular note, though, is that we have added an action code labeled \"war battle\" that describes sustained fights between opposing, organized armed forces. We no longer code \"beginning a war\" or \"join ongoing war\" as a militarized action; we only code threats, displays, or uses of force. We code fatality ranges for each event, discarding CoW's use of ordinal fatality scales and the fatality precision variable. This produces minimum and maximum estimated fatalities for each MIE, with no missing values, which can aggregate to meaningful ranges for confrontation-level, confrontation-participant-level, and dyad-year summaries.", "producer": "Gibler and Miller", "citationFull": "D. M. Gibler and S. V. Miller, \"The Militarized Interstate Events (MIE) Dataset,\n1816-2014.\" Conflict Management and Peace Science. Forthcoming.", "attribution": "Gibler and Miller - Militarized Interstate Events (2023)", "urlMain": "https://internationalconflict.ua.edu/data-download/", "urlDownload": "https://www.dropbox.com/s/2aq3xu23a4ril85/events.zip?dl=1", "dateAccessed": "2023-09-21", "datePublished": "2023-07-17", "license": {"url": "https://internationalconflict.ua.edu/data-download/", "name": "International Conflict Data Project terms"}}]}