{"id": 109898, "name": "Rate of violent deaths (state societies)", "unit": "", "description": "Violent deaths per 100,000 people per year in state societies.", "createdAt": "2019-12-03T19:51:13.000Z", "updatedAt": "2023-06-15T05:05:42.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "", "datasetId": 4881, "columnOrder": 0, "dataPath": "https://api.ourworldindata.org/v1/indicators/109898.data.json", "metadataPath": "https://api.ourworldindata.org/v1/indicators/109898.metadata.json", "datasetName": "Ethnographic and Archaeological Evidence on Violent Deaths", "type": "float", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {}, "source": {"id": 17612, "name": "Bowles, S. (2009), Gat, A. (2008), Knauft, B. M. et al (1987), Keeley, L. H. (1996), Pinker, S. (2011), and Walker, R. S., & Bailey, D. H. (2013)", "dataPublishedBy": "Bowles, S. (2009), Gat, A. (2008), Knauft, B. M. et al (1987), Keeley, L. H. (1996), Pinker, S. (2011), and Walker, R. S., & Bailey, D. H. (2013)", "dataPublisherSource": "The original source of each data point is listed in the Data Sources section of the 'Ethnographic and Archaeological Evidence on Violent Deaths' page.", "link": "", "retrievedDate": "10/1/20", "additionalInfo": "This dataset contains estimates of the frequency of violent deaths due to murder or war in modern and prehistoric state and non-state societies, based on archaeological and ethnographic evidence.\n\nFor modern state societies, homicide rates are routinely published by statistical offices or other state agencies, and reliable data on war deaths are published by research institutes. For non-state societies, we generally have two different sources of information: for the more recent past (since the late 19th century), abundant ethnographic evidence is available; for the more distant past, we have evidence from archaeological sites and skeletal remains.\n\nThe main sources for this dataset are as follows:\n- Bowles (2009) \u2013 Did Warfare Among Ancestral Hunter-Gatherers Affect the Evolution of Human Social Behaviors?. In Science, 324, 5932, 1293\u20131298.\n- Gat (2006) \u2013 War in Human Civilization. Oxford University Press, USA.\n- Knauft, Bruce M. et al (1987) \u2013 Reconsidering Violence in Simple Human Societies: Homicide among the Gebusi of New Guinea. In Current Anthropology, 28, 4, 457-500.\n- Keeley (1997) \u2013 War Before Civilization: The Myth of the Peaceful Savage. Oxford University Press, USA.\n- Pinker (2011) \u2013 The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined. Viking.\n- Walker and Bailey (2013) \u2013 Body counts in lowland South American violence. In Evolution and Human Behavior, 34, 1, 29\u201334."}, "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 2019}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 95196, "name": "France; 1800 - 1899 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95199, "name": "World (battle and one-sided violence deaths); 2007", "code": null}, {"id": 95200, "name": "C. Mexico (Mesoamerica); 1419 - 1519 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95201, "name": "Mexican mestizo village; 1961 - 1965 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95202, "name": "Germany; 1900 - 1990 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95203, "name": "Russia; 1900 - 1990 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95204, "name": "Tepoztl\u00e1n (Mexico); 1922 - 1955 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95205, "name": "Japan; 1900 - 1990 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95206, "name": "World (wars & genocides); 1900 - 1999 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95207, "name": "US (war deaths); 1900 - 1999 CE", "code": null}]}}}