{"id": 109895, "name": "Share of violent deaths (prehistoric archeological sites)", "unit": "", "description": "Percentage of deaths due to murder or war per year in prehistoric societies.", "createdAt": "2019-12-03T19:51:13.000Z", "updatedAt": "2023-06-15T05:05:42.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "", "datasetId": 4881, "columnOrder": 0, "dataPath": "https://api.ourworldindata.org/v1/indicators/109895.data.json", "metadataPath": "https://api.ourworldindata.org/v1/indicators/109895.metadata.json", "datasetName": "Ethnographic and Archaeological Evidence on Violent Deaths", "type": "float", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"unit": "%", "shortUnit": "%", "includeInTable": true, "numDecimalPlaces": 1}, "source": {"id": 17612, "name": "Bowles, S. (2009), Gat, A. (2008), Knauft, B. M. et al (1987), Keeley, L. H. (1996), Pinker, S. (2011), and Walker, R. S., & Bailey, D. H. (2013)", "dataPublishedBy": "Bowles, S. (2009), Gat, A. (2008), Knauft, B. M. et al (1987), Keeley, L. H. (1996), Pinker, S. (2011), and Walker, R. S., & Bailey, D. H. (2013)", "dataPublisherSource": "The original source of each data point is listed in the Data Sources section of the 'Ethnographic and Archaeological Evidence on Violent Deaths' page.", "link": "", "retrievedDate": "10/1/20", "additionalInfo": "This dataset contains estimates of the frequency of violent deaths due to murder or war in modern and prehistoric state and non-state societies, based on archaeological and ethnographic evidence.\n\nFor modern state societies, homicide rates are routinely published by statistical offices or other state agencies, and reliable data on war deaths are published by research institutes. For non-state societies, we generally have two different sources of information: for the more recent past (since the late 19th century), abundant ethnographic evidence is available; for the more distant past, we have evidence from archaeological sites and skeletal remains.\n\nThe main sources for this dataset are as follows:\n- Bowles (2009) \u2013 Did Warfare Among Ancestral Hunter-Gatherers Affect the Evolution of Human Social Behaviors?. In Science, 324, 5932, 1293\u20131298.\n- Gat (2006) \u2013 War in Human Civilization. Oxford University Press, USA.\n- Knauft, Bruce M. et al (1987) \u2013 Reconsidering Violence in Simple Human Societies: Homicide among the Gebusi of New Guinea. In Current Anthropology, 28, 4, 457-500.\n- Keeley (1997) \u2013 War Before Civilization: The Myth of the Peaceful Savage. Oxford University Press, USA.\n- Pinker (2011) \u2013 The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined. Viking.\n- Walker and Bailey (2013) \u2013 Body counts in lowland South American violence. In Evolution and Human Behavior, 34, 1, 29\u201334."}, "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 2019}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 95154, "name": "Bogebakken (Denmark); 4300 - 3800 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95166, "name": "Gobero (Niger); 14000 - 6000 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95165, "name": "Columnata (Algeria); ca. 6000 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95164, "name": "Nubia (near site 117), 12.000 - 10.000 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95163, "name": "Calumnata (Algeria); 6300 - 5300 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95162, "name": "Central California (2 sites); 2240 BCE - 1770 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95161, "name": "Central California; 1500 BCE - 500 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95160, "name": "Kentucky; 2500 - 3000 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95159, "name": "S. California (28 sites); 3500 - 1380 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95158, "name": "Skateholm 1 (Sweden); 4100 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95157, "name": "Central California; 415 BCE - 227 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95156, "name": "Brittany; 6000 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95155, "name": "CA-Ven-110 (S. California); 100 - 1100 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95141, "name": "Crow Creek (South Dakota); 1325 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95153, "name": "Ile Teviec (France); 4600 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95152, "name": "Vedbaek (Denmark); 4100 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95151, "name": "Northeast Plains; 1325 - 1650 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95150, "name": "Illinois; 1300 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95149, "name": "Nubia: Qadan burials; 10000 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95148, "name": "Vasiliv'ka III (Ukraine); 9000 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95147, "name": "Volos'ke, (Ukraine), 'Epipalaeolithic'; ca. 7500 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95146, "name": "British Columbia (30 sites); 3500 BCE - 1674 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95145, "name": "British Columbia; 500 - 1774 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95144, "name": "Sarai Nahar Rai (N. India); 1140 - 854 BCE", "code": null}, {"id": 95143, "name": "N. British Columbia; 1500 BCE - 500 CE", "code": null}, {"id": 95142, "name": "Nubia (site 117); 12000 - 10000 BCE", "code": null}]}}}