{"id": 1026156, "name": "Number of country-pairs with 'negative peace' relationship", "unit": "country-pairs", "createdAt": "2025-04-18T14:33:49.000Z", "updatedAt": "2025-04-18T14:33:49.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "1900-2020", "datasetId": 7061, "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "negative_peace", "catalogPath": "grapher/war/2025-04-18/peace_diehl/peace_diehl_agg#negative_peace", "descriptionShort": "Negative peace between two countries is when these have resolved some of their important issues, and rarely handle the remaining ones with violence, but they maintain plans for war. They predominantly use diplomacy, and communication between their governments is common.", "descriptionProcessing": "The peace scale level of a relationship for a given year reports the level as of the 31st of December of that year.\n\nRegions are defined based on their COW (Correlates of War) codes:\n\n\u2022 Americas: 2-165\n\u2022 Europe: 200-399\n\u2022 Africa: 402-626\n\u2022 Middle East: 630-698\n\u2022 Asia and Oceania: 700-999\n\nFixes: The source used country codes 936 and 937 instead of 946 (Kiribati) and 947 (Tuvalu), respectively.", "type": "int", "datasetName": "Peace data (Diehl et al., 2023)", "updatePeriodDays": 1000, "datasetVersion": "2025-04-18", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"unit": "country-pairs", "numDecimalPlaces": 0}, "schemaVersion": 2, "processingLevel": "minor", "presentation": {"topicTagsLinks": ["War & Peace"]}, "descriptionKey": ["Prominent examples of negative peace relationships include Egypt and Israel since 1989, and Finland and the Soviet Union/Russia since 1944.", "Two-country relationships within a region are those where both countries are in the same region. If countries are in different regions, the relationship falls into the 'Inter-continental' region."], "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 1900}, {"id": 1901}, {"id": 1902}, {"id": 1903}, {"id": 1904}, {"id": 1905}, {"id": 1906}, {"id": 1907}, {"id": 1908}, {"id": 1909}, {"id": 1910}, {"id": 1911}, {"id": 1912}, {"id": 1913}, {"id": 1914}, {"id": 1915}, {"id": 1916}, {"id": 1917}, {"id": 1918}, {"id": 1919}, {"id": 1920}, {"id": 1921}, {"id": 1922}, {"id": 1923}, {"id": 1924}, {"id": 1925}, {"id": 1926}, {"id": 1927}, {"id": 1928}, {"id": 1929}, {"id": 1930}, {"id": 1931}, {"id": 1932}, {"id": 1933}, {"id": 1934}, {"id": 1935}, {"id": 1936}, {"id": 1937}, {"id": 1938}, {"id": 1939}, {"id": 1940}, {"id": 1941}, {"id": 1942}, {"id": 1943}, {"id": 1944}, {"id": 1945}, {"id": 1946}, {"id": 1947}, {"id": 1948}, {"id": 1949}, {"id": 1950}, {"id": 1951}, {"id": 1952}, {"id": 1953}, {"id": 1954}, {"id": 1955}, {"id": 1956}, {"id": 1957}, {"id": 1958}, {"id": 1959}, {"id": 1960}, {"id": 1961}, {"id": 1962}, {"id": 1963}, {"id": 1964}, {"id": 1965}, {"id": 1966}, {"id": 1967}, {"id": 1968}, {"id": 1969}, {"id": 1970}, {"id": 1971}, {"id": 1972}, {"id": 1973}, {"id": 1974}, {"id": 1975}, {"id": 1976}, {"id": 1977}, {"id": 1978}, {"id": 1979}, {"id": 1980}, {"id": 1981}, {"id": 1982}, {"id": 1983}, {"id": 1984}, {"id": 1985}, {"id": 1986}, {"id": 1987}, {"id": 1988}, {"id": 1989}, {"id": 1990}, {"id": 1991}, {"id": 1992}, {"id": 1993}, {"id": 1994}, {"id": 1995}, {"id": 1996}, {"id": 1997}, {"id": 1998}, {"id": 1999}, {"id": 2000}, {"id": 2001}, {"id": 2002}, {"id": 2003}, {"id": 2004}, {"id": 2005}, {"id": 2006}, {"id": 2007}, {"id": 2008}, {"id": 2009}, {"id": 2010}, {"id": 2011}, {"id": 2012}, {"id": 2013}, {"id": 2014}, {"id": 2015}, {"id": 2016}, {"id": 2017}, {"id": 2018}, {"id": 2019}, {"id": 2020}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 273, "name": "Africa", "code": null}, {"id": 290, "name": "Americas", "code": null}, {"id": 29325, "name": "Asia and Oceania", "code": null}, {"id": 276, "name": "Europe", "code": null}, {"id": 367652, "name": "Inter-continental", "code": null}, {"id": 25487, "name": "Middle East", "code": null}, {"id": 355, "name": "World", "code": "OWID_WRL"}]}}, "origins": [{"id": 3420, "title": "Peace data", "description": "This data article reviews the revised \u201cpeace data,\u201d describing the motivations behind them and offering a general description of the different peace scale levels\u2014severe rivalry, lesser rivalry, negative peace, warm peace, and security community respectively. A brief overview of the evolution of peace and rivalry for the 1900-2015 period is presented. Peace in the international system has increased over time, with a decline in rivalries and an increase in security communities being the most notable findings. The article concludes with a discussion of how the peace data might be used to address new questions in international relations research or reconfigure existing ones.", "producer": "Diehl et al.", "citationFull": "Goertz, G., Diehl, P. and Balas, A. 2016. The Puzzle of Peace: Explaining the Rise of Peace in the International System. Oxford University Press.\n\nPaul F Diehl & Gary Goertz & Yahve Gallegos, 2021. \"Peace data: Concept, measurement, patterns, and research agenda,\" Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 38(5), pages 605-624, September.\n\nAvailable at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0738894219870288", "versionProducer": "v3.1.1", "urlMain": "https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1HKZ6FQmK09VJ5mzzEzIwkOawf7tb6Z63?usp=sharing", "dateAccessed": "2025-04-18", "datePublished": "2025-01-02", "license": {"url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "name": "CC BY 4.0"}}]}