{"id": 1014798, "name": "Public health expenditure as a share of GDP", "unit": "% of GDP", "createdAt": "2025-03-06T10:30:36.000Z", "updatedAt": "2025-04-07T15:04:51.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "1880-2023", "datasetId": 6973, "shortUnit": "%", "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "share_gdp", "catalogPath": "grapher/health_expenditure/2025-03-04/health_expenditure_omm/health_expenditure_omm#share_gdp", "descriptionShort": "Public health expenditure divided by gross domestic product, expressed as a percentage.", "descriptionFromProducer": "", "descriptionProcessing": "We extrapolated the data available from the OECD Health Expenditure and Financing Database (Government/compulsory schemes) using the earliest available observation from this dataset and applying the growth rates implied by the OECD (1993) data to obtain a series starting in 1960. These steps are necessary because the data in these years is not exactly the same for the two datasets due to changes in definitions and measurement, though the trends are consistent for common years (1970-1991).\n\nWe don't transform the data from Lindert (1994), the values are the same as in the original source.", "type": "float", "dataChecksum": "2249969599944089871", "metadataChecksum": "7083902468068228188", "datasetName": "Health expenditure in the long run", "updatePeriodDays": 365, "datasetVersion": "2025-03-04", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"name": "Public health expenditure as a share of GDP", "unit": "% of GDP", "shortUnit": "%", "tolerance": 5, "numDecimalPlaces": 1}, "schemaVersion": 2, "processingLevel": "major", "presentation": {"titlePublic": "Public health expenditure as a share of GDP", "titleVariant": "Historical data", "attributionShort": "Lindert, OECD", "topicTagsLinks": ["Healthcare Spending"]}, "descriptionKey": ["This indicator combines three different datasets: Lindert (1994), OECD (1993), and the OECD Health Expenditure and Financing Database. We combine the two OECD datasets by using the implicit growth rate from the older series, so we can extend the series back to 1960. We also use the data from Lindert (1994) to extend the series to 1880."], "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 1880}, {"id": 1890}, {"id": 1900}, {"id": 1910}, {"id": 1920}, {"id": 1930}, {"id": 2000}, {"id": 2001}, {"id": 2002}, {"id": 2003}, {"id": 2004}, {"id": 2005}, {"id": 2006}, {"id": 2007}, {"id": 2008}, {"id": 2009}, {"id": 2010}, {"id": 2011}, {"id": 2012}, {"id": 2013}, {"id": 2014}, {"id": 2015}, {"id": 2016}, {"id": 2017}, {"id": 2018}, {"id": 2019}, {"id": 2020}, {"id": 2021}, {"id": 1960}, {"id": 1961}, {"id": 1962}, {"id": 1963}, {"id": 1964}, {"id": 1965}, {"id": 1966}, {"id": 1967}, {"id": 1968}, {"id": 1969}, {"id": 1970}, {"id": 1971}, {"id": 1972}, {"id": 1973}, {"id": 1974}, {"id": 1975}, {"id": 1976}, {"id": 1977}, {"id": 1978}, {"id": 1979}, {"id": 1980}, {"id": 1981}, {"id": 1982}, {"id": 1983}, {"id": 1984}, {"id": 1985}, {"id": 1986}, {"id": 1987}, {"id": 1988}, {"id": 1989}, {"id": 1990}, {"id": 1991}, {"id": 1992}, {"id": 1993}, {"id": 1994}, {"id": 1995}, {"id": 1996}, {"id": 1997}, {"id": 1998}, {"id": 1999}, {"id": 2022}, {"id": 2023}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 21, "name": "Argentina", "code": "ARG"}, {"id": 23, "name": "Australia", "code": "AUS"}, {"id": 24, "name": "Austria", "code": "AUT"}, {"id": 4, "name": "Belgium", "code": "BEL"}, {"id": 37, "name": "Brazil", "code": "BRA"}, {"id": 39, "name": "Bulgaria", "code": "BGR"}, {"id": 44, "name": "Canada", "code": "CAN"}, {"id": 172, "name": "Chile", "code": "CHL"}, {"id": 171, "name": "China", "code": "CHN"}, {"id": 170, "name": "Colombia", "code": "COL"}, {"id": 166, "name": "Costa Rica", "code": "CRI"}, {"id": 165, "name": "Croatia", "code": "HRV"}, {"id": 163, "name": "Cyprus", "code": "CYP"}, {"id": 162, "name": "Czechia", "code": "CZE"}, {"id": 161, "name": "Denmark", "code": "DNK"}, {"id": 156, "name": "Estonia", "code": "EST"}, {"id": 155, "name": "Finland", "code": "FIN"}, {"id": 3, "name": "France", "code": "FRA"}, {"id": 6, "name": "Germany", "code": "DEU"}, {"id": 149, "name": "Greece", "code": "GRC"}, {"id": 138, "name": "Hungary", "code": "HUN"}, {"id": 207, "name": "Iceland", "code": "ISL"}, {"id": 137, "name": "India", "code": "IND"}, {"id": 136, "name": "Indonesia", "code": "IDN"}, {"id": 2, "name": "Ireland", "code": "IRL"}, {"id": 133, "name": "Israel", "code": "ISR"}, {"id": 8, "name": "Italy", "code": "ITA"}, {"id": 14, "name": "Japan", "code": "JPN"}, {"id": 122, "name": "Latvia", "code": "LVA"}, {"id": 119, "name": "Lithuania", "code": "LTU"}, {"id": 210, "name": "Luxembourg", "code": "LUX"}, {"id": 212, "name": "Malta", "code": "MLT"}, {"id": 113, "name": "Mexico", "code": "MEX"}, {"id": 5, "name": "Netherlands", "code": "NLD"}, {"id": 106, "name": "New Zealand", "code": "NZL"}, {"id": 102, "name": "Norway", "code": "NOR"}, {"id": 97, "name": "Peru", "code": "PER"}, {"id": 11, "name": "Poland", "code": "POL"}, {"id": 95, "name": "Portugal", "code": "PRT"}, {"id": 92, "name": "Romania", "code": "ROU"}, {"id": 85, "name": "Slovakia", "code": "SVK"}, {"id": 83, "name": "Slovenia", "code": "SVN"}, {"id": 81, "name": "South Africa", "code": "ZAF"}, {"id": 127, "name": "South Korea", "code": "KOR"}, {"id": 9, "name": "Spain", "code": "ESP"}, {"id": 10, "name": "Sweden", "code": "SWE"}, {"id": 7, "name": "Switzerland", "code": "CHE"}, {"id": 70, "name": "Turkey", "code": "TUR"}, {"id": 67, "name": "Ukraine", "code": "UKR"}, {"id": 1, "name": "United Kingdom", "code": "GBR"}, {"id": 13, "name": "United States", "code": "USA"}]}}, "origins": [{"id": 2933, "title": "OECD Health Expenditure and Financing Database", "description": "A System of Health Accounts 2011 provides an updated and systematic description of the financial flows related to the consumption of health care goods and services. As demands for information increase and more countries implement and institutionalise health accounts according to the system, the data produced are expected to be more comparable, more detailed and more policy relevant.\n\nIt builds on the original OECD Manual, published in 2000 to create a single global framework for producing health expenditure accounts that can help track resource flows from sources to uses.\n\nIt is the result of a collaborative effort between the OECD, WHO and the European Commission, and sets out in more detail the boundaries, the definitions and the concepts \u2013 responding to health care systems around the globe \u2013 from the simplest to the more complicated. The accounting framework is organised around a tri-axial system for the recording of health care expenditure, namely classifications of the functions of health care (ICHA-HC), health care provision (ICHA-HP), and financing schemes (ICHA-HF).", "producer": "OECD Health Expenditure and Financing Database", "citationFull": "OECD (2024), Health Expenditure and Financing Database, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "attributionShort": "OECD", "urlMain": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dateAccessed": "2025-02-25", "datePublished": "2024-11-26", "license": {"url": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "name": "OECD Terms and Conditions"}}, {"id": 3005, "titleSnapshot": "OECD Health Systems - Public expenditure on health and GDP", "title": "OECD Health Systems", "descriptionSnapshot": "Data in millions of national currency units, between 1960 and 1991.", "description": "Data on health systems published by the OECD in 1993.", "producer": "OECD", "citationFull": "Poullier, J. P. (1993). OECD Health Systems (No. 3). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.", "attributionShort": "OECD", "urlMain": "https://search.worldcat.org/title/868237125", "dateAccessed": "2025-03-04", "datePublished": "1993", "license": {"url": "https://search.worldcat.org/title/868237125", "name": "CC BY 4.0"}}, {"id": 3066, "titleSnapshot": "The rise of social spending (1880-1930) - Table 1D", "title": "The rise of social spending (1880-1930)", "descriptionSnapshot": "Government subsidies for health care, 1880-1930, as percentage of national product at current prices.", "description": "A closer look at the dawn of social spending before 1930 reinterprets the timing, sources, and effects of its rise. New data and tests suggest that income growth played less of a role in shaping the rise of social transfers than did democracy, demography, and religion. Even in that early half-century the aging of the adult population was a leading force raising government transfers, especially pensions, and cutting support for schooling.", "producer": "Lindert", "citationFull": "Lindert, P. H. (1994). The Rise of Social Spending, 1880-1930. Table 1D. Explorations in Economic History, 31(1), 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1006/exeh.1994.1001", "attributionShort": "Lindert", "urlMain": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014498384710011", "dateAccessed": "2025-03-04", "datePublished": "1994-01-01", "license": {"url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014498384710011", "name": "CC BY 4.0"}}]}