{"id": 1206259, "name": "food_emissions_packaging", "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kg", "createdAt": "2026-03-05T10:16:20.000Z", "updatedAt": "2026-03-05T10:16:20.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "2018-2018", "datasetId": 7422, "shortUnit": "kg", "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "food_emissions_packaging", "catalogPath": "grapher/food/2018/food_emissions_by_life_cycle_stage__poore_and_nemecek__2018/food_emissions_by_life_cycle_stage__poore_and_nemecek__2018#food_emissions_packaging", "type": "float", "datasetName": "Food emissions by life-cycle stage (Poore and Nemecek, 2018)", "datasetVersion": "2018", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"name": "Packaging", "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kg", "shortUnit": "kg"}, "schemaVersion": 1, "presentation": {}, "source": {"id": 31124, "name": "Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food\u2019s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science, 360(6392), 987-992.", "dataPublishedBy": "Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food\u2019s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science, 360(6392), 987-992.", "dataPublisherSource": "", "link": "https://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6392/987", "retrievedDate": "2026-03-05", "additionalInfo": "Data is based on the largest meta-analysis of food system impact studies to date, from Poore & Nemecek's 2018 study.\n\nThe authors note the following about the scope of the studies included in this meta-analysis:\n\"We derived data from a comprehensive meta-analysis, identifying 1530 studies for potential inclusion, which were supplemented with additional data received from 139 authors. Studies were assessed against 11 criteria designed to standardize methodology, resulting in 570 suitable studies with a median reference year of 2010. The data set covers ~38,700 commercially viable farms in 119 countries and 40 products representing ~90% of global protein and calorie consumption'.\n\nAll comparisons here are based on the global mean value per food product across all studies.\n\nComparisons can be made in functional units: here all comparisons are made as impacts per kilogram of product."}, "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 2018}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 35943, "name": "Apples", "code": null}, {"id": 35921, "name": "Bananas", "code": null}, {"id": 91246, "name": "Barley", "code": null}, {"id": 91265, "name": "Beef (beef herd)", "code": null}, {"id": 91266, "name": "Beef (dairy herd)", "code": null}, {"id": 91249, "name": "Beet Sugar", "code": null}, {"id": 91262, "name": "Berries & Grapes", "code": null}, {"id": 91260, "name": "Brassicas", "code": null}, {"id": 35922, "name": "Cane Sugar", "code": null}, {"id": 91248, "name": "Cassava", "code": null}, {"id": 36002, "name": "Cheese", "code": null}, {"id": 34791, "name": "Citrus Fruit", "code": null}, {"id": 35959, "name": "Coffee", "code": null}, {"id": 91264, "name": "Dark Chocolate", "code": null}, {"id": 34801, "name": "Eggs", "code": null}, {"id": 91269, "name": "Fish (farmed)", "code": null}, {"id": 91252, "name": "Groundnuts", "code": null}, {"id": 91267, "name": "Lamb & Mutton", "code": null}, {"id": 34803, "name": "Maize", "code": null}, {"id": 34653, "name": "Milk", "code": null}, {"id": 35908, "name": "Nuts", "code": null}, {"id": 91247, "name": "Oatmeal", "code": null}, {"id": 35731, "name": "Olive Oil", "code": null}, {"id": 91258, "name": "Onions & Leeks", "code": null}, {"id": 91263, "name": "Other Fruit", "code": null}, {"id": 91250, "name": "Other Pulses", "code": null}, {"id": 91261, "name": "Other Vegetables", "code": null}, {"id": 35933, "name": "Palm Oil", "code": null}, {"id": 91251, "name": "Peas", "code": null}, {"id": 35979, "name": "Pig Meat", "code": null}, {"id": 35951, "name": "Potatoes", "code": null}, {"id": 91268, "name": "Poultry Meat", "code": null}, {"id": 91257, "name": "Rapeseed Oil", "code": null}, {"id": 34809, "name": "Rice", "code": null}, {"id": 91259, "name": "Root Vegetables", "code": null}, {"id": 204495, "name": "Shrimps (farmed)", "code": null}, {"id": 246936, "name": "Soy milk", "code": null}, {"id": 91255, "name": "Soybean Oil", "code": null}, {"id": 91256, "name": "Sunflower Oil", "code": null}, {"id": 204494, "name": "Tofu", "code": null}, {"id": 35953, "name": "Tomatoes", "code": null}, {"id": 91245, "name": "Wheat & Rye", "code": null}, {"id": 35729, "name": "Wine", "code": null}]}}, "origins": []}