{"id": 1289244, "name": "Number of people employed in services", "unit": "people", "createdAt": "2026-07-02T15:12:06.000Z", "updatedAt": "2026-07-03T14:12:58.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "1801-2025", "datasetId": 8031, "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "number_employed_services", "catalogPath": "grapher/growth/2026-07-02/structural_transformation_omm/structural_transformation_omm#number_employed_services", "descriptionShort": "Number of people working in services.", "descriptionProcessing": "This indicator combines two sources: recent estimates from the World Bank's World Development Indicators, and a compilation of historical sources built by Our World in Data, based on the dataset published by Herrendorf, Rogerson and Valentinyi (2014) and updated with the GGDC 10-Sector Database (January 2015 release) and the Swedish Historical National Accounts. For each country, World Bank data is used from its first available year onwards; historical sources only inform earlier years. To preserve a consistent series between the historical estimates and the World Bank data available from 1991 onwards, the years 1986-1990 are not included.\n\nFor recent years, the number is calculated as the World Bank's services share of employment multiplied by the total number of employed people, which is derived in turn from the ILO-modeled employment-to-population ratio and the United Nations estimate of the population aged 15 and over.", "type": "int", "dataChecksum": "12772058367926944320", "metadataChecksum": "5891900719369330548", "datasetName": "Long-run data on employment by economic sector", "updatePeriodDays": 365, "datasetVersion": "2026-07-02", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"name": "Services", "unit": "people", "numDecimalPlaces": 0}, "schemaVersion": 2, "processingLevel": "major", "presentation": {"titlePublic": "Number of people employed in services", "topicTagsLinks": ["Economic Growth"]}, "descriptionKey": ["Historical estimates count the number of persons engaged in each sector, based on national historical statistics. Recent estimates (from 1991) are ILO-modeled estimates published by the World Bank, based on employment of people aged 15 and over.", "In the historical estimates, utilities (electricity, gas and water) are counted within services, following Herrendorf, Rogerson and Valentinyi (2014). The World Bank counts them within industry. This creates a small definitional break between the historical and recent segments of the industry and services series."], "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 1991}, {"id": 1992}, {"id": 1993}, {"id": 1994}, {"id": 1995}, {"id": 1996}, {"id": 1997}, {"id": 1998}, {"id": 1999}, {"id": 2000}, {"id": 2001}, {"id": 2002}, {"id": 2003}, {"id": 2004}, {"id": 2005}, {"id": 2006}, {"id": 2007}, {"id": 2008}, {"id": 2009}, {"id": 2010}, {"id": 2011}, {"id": 2012}, {"id": 2013}, {"id": 2014}, {"id": 2015}, {"id": 2016}, {"id": 2017}, {"id": 2018}, {"id": 2019}, {"id": 2020}, {"id": 2021}, {"id": 2022}, {"id": 2023}, {"id": 2024}, {"id": 2025}, {"id": 1846}, {"id": 1856}, {"id": 1866}, {"id": 1880}, {"id": 1890}, {"id": 1900}, {"id": 1910}, {"id": 1920}, {"id": 1930}, {"id": 1947}, {"id": 1961}, {"id": 1970}, {"id": 1971}, {"id": 1972}, {"id": 1973}, {"id": 1974}, {"id": 1975}, {"id": 1976}, {"id": 1977}, {"id": 1978}, {"id": 1979}, {"id": 1980}, {"id": 1981}, {"id": 1982}, {"id": 1983}, {"id": 1984}, {"id": 1985}, {"id": 1805}, {"id": 1940}, {"id": 1950}, {"id": 1960}, {"id": 1886}, {"id": 1896}, {"id": 1901}, {"id": 1906}, {"id": 1911}, {"id": 1921}, {"id": 1926}, {"id": 1931}, {"id": 1936}, {"id": 1946}, {"id": 1954}, {"id": 1962}, {"id": 1968}, {"id": 1872}, {"id": 1953}, {"id": 1955}, {"id": 1956}, {"id": 1957}, {"id": 1958}, {"id": 1959}, {"id": 1963}, {"id": 1964}, {"id": 1965}, {"id": 1966}, {"id": 1967}, {"id": 1969}, {"id": 1807}, {"id": 1849}, {"id": 1859}, {"id": 1889}, {"id": 1899}, {"id": 1909}, {"id": 1949}, {"id": 1860}, {"id": 1877}, {"id": 1887}, {"id": 1850}, {"id": 1851}, {"id": 1852}, {"id": 1853}, {"id": 1854}, {"id": 1855}, {"id": 1857}, {"id": 1858}, {"id": 1861}, {"id": 1862}, {"id": 1863}, {"id": 1864}, {"id": 1865}, {"id": 1867}, {"id": 1868}, {"id": 1869}, {"id": 1870}, {"id": 1871}, {"id": 1873}, {"id": 1874}, {"id": 1875}, {"id": 1876}, {"id": 1878}, {"id": 1879}, {"id": 1881}, {"id": 1882}, {"id": 1883}, {"id": 1884}, {"id": 1885}, {"id": 1888}, {"id": 1891}, {"id": 1892}, {"id": 1893}, {"id": 1894}, {"id": 1895}, {"id": 1897}, {"id": 1898}, {"id": 1902}, {"id": 1903}, {"id": 1904}, {"id": 1905}, {"id": 1907}, {"id": 1908}, {"id": 1912}, {"id": 1913}, {"id": 1914}, {"id": 1915}, {"id": 1916}, {"id": 1917}, {"id": 1918}, {"id": 1919}, {"id": 1922}, {"id": 1923}, {"id": 1924}, {"id": 1925}, {"id": 1927}, {"id": 1928}, {"id": 1929}, {"id": 1932}, {"id": 1933}, {"id": 1934}, {"id": 1935}, {"id": 1937}, {"id": 1938}, {"id": 1939}, {"id": 1941}, {"id": 1942}, {"id": 1943}, {"id": 1944}, {"id": 1945}, {"id": 1948}, {"id": 1951}, {"id": 1952}, {"id": 1801}, {"id": 1841}, {"id": 1840}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 15, "name": "Afghanistan", "code": "AFG"}, {"id": 16, "name": "Albania", "code": "ALB"}, {"id": 17, "name": "Algeria", "code": "DZA"}, {"id": 19, "name": "Angola", "code": "AGO"}, {"id": 21, "name": "Argentina", "code": "ARG"}, {"id": 22, "name": "Armenia", "code": "ARM"}, {"id": 23, "name": "Australia", "code": "AUS"}, {"id": 24, "name": "Austria", "code": "AUT"}, {"id": 25, "name": "Azerbaijan", "code": "AZE"}, {"id": 26, "name": "Bahamas", "code": "BHS"}, {"id": 27, "name": "Bahrain", "code": "BHR"}, {"id": 28, "name": "Bangladesh", "code": "BGD"}, {"id": 29, "name": "Barbados", "code": "BRB"}, {"id": 30, "name": "Belarus", "code": "BLR"}, {"id": 4, "name": "Belgium", "code": "BEL"}, {"id": 31, "name": "Belize", "code": "BLZ"}, {"id": 32, "name": "Benin", "code": "BEN"}, {"id": 33, "name": "Bhutan", "code": "BTN"}, {"id": 34, "name": "Bolivia", "code": "BOL"}, {"id": 35, "name": "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "code": "BIH"}, {"id": 36, "name": "Botswana", "code": "BWA"}, {"id": 37, "name": "Brazil", "code": "BRA"}, {"id": 38, "name": "Brunei", "code": "BRN"}, {"id": 39, "name": "Bulgaria", "code": "BGR"}, {"id": 40, "name": "Burkina Faso", "code": "BFA"}, {"id": 41, "name": "Burundi", "code": "BDI"}, {"id": 42, "name": "Cambodia", "code": "KHM"}, {"id": 43, "name": "Cameroon", "code": "CMR"}, {"id": 44, "name": "Canada", "code": "CAN"}, {"id": 45, "name": "Cape Verde", "code": "CPV"}, {"id": 174, "name": "Central African Republic", "code": "CAF"}, {"id": 173, "name": "Chad", "code": "TCD"}, {"id": 172, "name": "Chile", "code": "CHL"}, {"id": 171, "name": "China", "code": "CHN"}, {"id": 170, "name": "Colombia", "code": "COL"}, {"id": 169, "name": "Comoros", "code": "COM"}, {"id": 168, "name": "Congo", "code": "COG"}, {"id": 166, "name": "Costa Rica", "code": "CRI"}, {"id": 143, "name": "Cote d'Ivoire", "code": "CIV"}, {"id": 165, "name": "Croatia", "code": "HRV"}, {"id": 164, "name": "Cuba", "code": "CUB"}, {"id": 163, "name": "Cyprus", "code": "CYP"}, {"id": 162, "name": "Czechia", "code": "CZE"}, {"id": 167, "name": "Democratic Republic of Congo", "code": "COD"}, {"id": 161, "name": "Denmark", "code": "DNK"}, {"id": 154, "name": "Djibouti", "code": "DJI"}, {"id": 160, "name": "Dominican Republic", "code": "DOM"}, {"id": 225, "name": "East Timor", "code": "TLS"}, {"id": 201, "name": "Ecuador", "code": "ECU"}, {"id": 65, "name": "Egypt", "code": "EGY"}, {"id": 259, "name": "El Salvador", "code": "SLV"}, {"id": 159, "name": "Equatorial Guinea", "code": "GNQ"}, {"id": 157, "name": "Eritrea", "code": "ERI"}, {"id": 156, "name": "Estonia", "code": "EST"}, {"id": 78, "name": "Eswatini", "code": "SWZ"}, {"id": 158, "name": "Ethiopia", "code": "ETH"}, {"id": 202, "name": "Fiji", "code": "FJI"}, {"id": 155, "name": "Finland", "code": "FIN"}, {"id": 3, "name": "France", "code": "FRA"}, {"id": 203, "name": "French Polynesia", "code": "PYF"}, {"id": 153, "name": "Gabon", "code": "GAB"}, {"id": 151, "name": "Gambia", "code": "GMB"}, {"id": 152, "name": "Georgia", "code": "GEO"}, {"id": 6, "name": "Germany", "code": "DEU"}, {"id": 150, "name": "Ghana", "code": "GHA"}, {"id": 149, "name": "Greece", "code": "GRC"}, {"id": 254, "name": "Guam", "code": "GUM"}, {"id": 148, "name": "Guatemala", "code": "GTM"}, {"id": 147, "name": "Guinea", "code": "GIN"}, {"id": 94, "name": "Guinea-Bissau", "code": "GNB"}, {"id": 146, "name": "Guyana", "code": "GUY"}, {"id": 145, "name": "Haiti", "code": "HTI"}, {"id": 457, "name": "High-income countries", "code": "OWID_HIC"}, {"id": 139, "name": "Honduras", "code": "HND"}, {"id": 144, "name": "Hong Kong", "code": "HKG"}, {"id": 138, "name": "Hungary", "code": "HUN"}, {"id": 207, "name": "Iceland", "code": "ISL"}, {"id": 137, "name": "India", "code": "IND"}, {"id": 136, "name": "Indonesia", "code": "IDN"}, {"id": 135, "name": "Iran", "code": "IRN"}, {"id": 134, "name": "Iraq", "code": "IRQ"}, {"id": 2, "name": "Ireland", "code": "IRL"}, {"id": 133, "name": "Israel", "code": "ISR"}, {"id": 8, "name": "Italy", "code": "ITA"}, {"id": 132, "name": "Jamaica", "code": "JAM"}, {"id": 14, "name": "Japan", "code": "JPN"}, {"id": 130, "name": "Jordan", "code": "JOR"}, {"id": 131, "name": "Kazakhstan", "code": "KAZ"}, {"id": 129, "name": "Kenya", "code": "KEN"}, {"id": 208, "name": "Kuwait", "code": "KWT"}, {"id": 126, "name": "Kyrgyzstan", "code": "KGZ"}, {"id": 125, "name": "Laos", "code": "LAO"}, {"id": 122, "name": "Latvia", "code": "LVA"}, {"id": 124, "name": "Lebanon", "code": "LBN"}, {"id": 123, "name": "Lesotho", "code": "LSO"}, {"id": 121, "name": "Liberia", "code": "LBR"}, {"id": 120, "name": "Libya", "code": "LBY"}, {"id": 119, "name": "Lithuania", "code": "LTU"}, {"id": 461, "name": "Low-income countries", "code": "OWID_LIC"}, {"id": 460, "name": "Lower-middle-income countries", "code": "OWID_LMC"}, {"id": 210, "name": "Luxembourg", "code": "LUX"}, {"id": 262, "name": "Macao", "code": "MAC"}, {"id": 118, "name": "Madagascar", "code": "MDG"}, {"id": 117, "name": "Malawi", "code": "MWI"}, {"id": 116, "name": "Malaysia", "code": "MYS"}, {"id": 211, "name": "Maldives", "code": "MDV"}, {"id": 115, "name": "Mali", "code": "MLI"}, {"id": 212, "name": "Malta", "code": "MLT"}, {"id": 114, "name": "Mauritania", "code": "MRT"}, {"id": 213, "name": "Mauritius", "code": "MUS"}, {"id": 113, "name": "Mexico", "code": "MEX"}, {"id": 111, "name": "Moldova", "code": "MDA"}, {"id": 112, "name": "Mongolia", "code": "MNG"}, {"id": 215, "name": "Montenegro", "code": "MNE"}, {"id": 110, "name": "Morocco", "code": "MAR"}, {"id": 109, "name": "Mozambique", "code": "MOZ"}, {"id": 142, "name": "Myanmar", "code": "MMR"}, {"id": 108, "name": "Namibia", "code": "NAM"}, {"id": 107, "name": "Nepal", "code": "NPL"}, {"id": 5, "name": "Netherlands", "code": "NLD"}, {"id": 220, "name": "New Caledonia", "code": "NCL"}, {"id": 106, "name": "New Zealand", "code": "NZL"}, {"id": 105, "name": "Nicaragua", "code": "NIC"}, {"id": 104, "name": "Niger", "code": "NER"}, {"id": 103, "name": "Nigeria", "code": "NGA"}, {"id": 128, "name": "North Korea", "code": "PRK"}, {"id": 66, "name": "North Macedonia", "code": "MKD"}, {"id": 102, "name": "Norway", "code": "NOR"}, {"id": 217, "name": "Oman", "code": "OMN"}, {"id": 101, "name": "Pakistan", "code": "PAK"}, {"id": 140, "name": "Palestine", "code": "PSE"}, {"id": 100, "name": "Panama", "code": "PAN"}, {"id": 99, "name": "Papua New Guinea", "code": "PNG"}, {"id": 98, "name": "Paraguay", "code": "PRY"}, {"id": 97, "name": "Peru", "code": "PER"}, {"id": 96, "name": "Philippines", "code": "PHL"}, {"id": 11, "name": "Poland", "code": "POL"}, {"id": 95, "name": "Portugal", "code": "PRT"}, {"id": 93, "name": "Puerto Rico", "code": "PRI"}, {"id": 226, "name": "Qatar", "code": "QAT"}, {"id": 92, "name": "Romania", "code": "ROU"}, {"id": 12, "name": "Russia", "code": "RUS"}, {"id": 91, "name": "Rwanda", "code": "RWA"}, {"id": 229, "name": "Saint Lucia", "code": "LCA"}, {"id": 230, "name": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", "code": "VCT"}, {"id": 239, "name": "Samoa", "code": "WSM"}, {"id": 232, "name": "Sao Tome and Principe", "code": "STP"}, {"id": 90, "name": "Saudi Arabia", "code": "SAU"}, {"id": 89, "name": "Senegal", "code": "SEN"}, {"id": 88, "name": "Serbia", "code": "SRB"}, {"id": 87, "name": "Sierra Leone", "code": "SLE"}, {"id": 86, "name": "Singapore", "code": "SGP"}, {"id": 85, "name": "Slovakia", "code": "SVK"}, {"id": 83, "name": "Slovenia", "code": "SVN"}, {"id": 195, "name": "Solomon Islands", "code": "SLB"}, {"id": 82, "name": "Somalia", "code": "SOM"}, {"id": 81, "name": "South Africa", "code": "ZAF"}, {"id": 127, "name": "South Korea", "code": "KOR"}, {"id": 258, "name": "South Sudan", "code": "SSD"}, {"id": 9, "name": "Spain", "code": "ESP"}, {"id": 141, "name": "Sri Lanka", "code": "LKA"}, {"id": 79, "name": "Sudan", "code": "SDN"}, {"id": 234, "name": "Suriname", "code": "SUR"}, {"id": 10, "name": "Sweden", "code": "SWE"}, {"id": 7, "name": "Switzerland", "code": "CHE"}, {"id": 77, "name": "Syria", "code": "SYR"}, {"id": 76, "name": "Tajikistan", "code": "TJK"}, {"id": 64, "name": "Tanzania", "code": "TZA"}, {"id": 75, "name": "Thailand", "code": "THA"}, {"id": 74, "name": "Togo", "code": "TGO"}, {"id": 235, "name": "Tonga", "code": "TON"}, {"id": 73, "name": "Trinidad and Tobago", "code": "TTO"}, {"id": 71, "name": "Tunisia", "code": "TUN"}, {"id": 70, "name": "Turkey", "code": "TUR"}, {"id": 69, "name": "Turkmenistan", "code": "TKM"}, {"id": 68, "name": "Uganda", "code": "UGA"}, {"id": 67, "name": "Ukraine", "code": "UKR"}, {"id": 72, "name": "United Arab Emirates", "code": "ARE"}, {"id": 1, "name": "United Kingdom", "code": "GBR"}, {"id": 13, "name": "United States", "code": "USA"}, {"id": 256, "name": "United States Virgin Islands", "code": "VIR"}, {"id": 459, "name": "Upper-middle-income countries", "code": "OWID_UMC"}, {"id": 63, "name": "Uruguay", "code": "URY"}, {"id": 62, "name": "Uzbekistan", "code": "UZB"}, {"id": 221, "name": "Vanuatu", "code": "VUT"}, {"id": 238, "name": "Venezuela", "code": "VEN"}, {"id": 84, "name": "Vietnam", "code": "VNM"}, {"id": 355, "name": "World", "code": "OWID_WRL"}, {"id": 61, "name": "Yemen", "code": "YEM"}, {"id": 60, "name": "Zambia", "code": "ZMB"}, {"id": 80, "name": "Zimbabwe", "code": "ZWE"}]}}, "origins": [{"id": 13788, "title": "World Development Indicators", "description": "The World Development Indicators (WDI) database, published by the World Bank, is a comprehensive collection of global development data, providing key economic, social, and environmental statistics. It includes over 1,500 indicators covering more than 200 countries and territories, with data spanning several decades.WDI serves as a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, businesses, and analysts seeking to understand global trends and make data-driven decisions. The database covers a wide range of topics, including economic growth, education, health, poverty, trade, energy, infrastructure, governance, and environmental sustainability.The indicators are sourced from reputable national and international agencies, ensuring high-quality, consistent, and comparable data. Users can access the database through interactive online tools, API services, and downloadable datasets, facilitating detailed analysis and visualization.WDI is also used for tracking progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and other global development initiatives. By providing accessible and reliable statistics, it helps to inform policy discussions and strategies globally.Whether for academic research, policy planning, or economic analysis, the World Development Indicators database is an essential tool for understanding and addressing global development challenges.", "producer": "ILO Modelled Estimates, via World Bank", "citationFull": "ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: January 17, 2026. Indicator SL.SRV.EMPL.ZS (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.SRV.EMPL.ZS). World Development Indicators - World Bank (2026). Accessed on 2026-02-27.", "versionProducer": "125", "urlMain": "https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.SRV.EMPL.ZS", "urlDownload": "https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/WDI_CSV.zip", "dateAccessed": "2026-02-27", "datePublished": "2026-01-28", "license": {"url": "https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0037712/World-Development-Indicators", "name": "CC BY 4.0"}}, {"id": 13760, "title": "World Development Indicators", "description": "The World Development Indicators (WDI) database, published by the World Bank, is a comprehensive collection of global development data, providing key economic, social, and environmental statistics. It includes over 1,500 indicators covering more than 200 countries and territories, with data spanning several decades.WDI serves as a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, businesses, and analysts seeking to understand global trends and make data-driven decisions. The database covers a wide range of topics, including economic growth, education, health, poverty, trade, energy, infrastructure, governance, and environmental sustainability.The indicators are sourced from reputable national and international agencies, ensuring high-quality, consistent, and comparable data. Users can access the database through interactive online tools, API services, and downloadable datasets, facilitating detailed analysis and visualization.WDI is also used for tracking progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and other global development initiatives. By providing accessible and reliable statistics, it helps to inform policy discussions and strategies globally.Whether for academic research, policy planning, or economic analysis, the World Development Indicators database is an essential tool for understanding and addressing global development challenges.", "producer": "ILO Modelled Estimates, via World Bank", "citationFull": "ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: January 17, 2026. Indicator SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS). World Development Indicators - World Bank (2026). Accessed on 2026-02-27.", "versionProducer": "125", "urlMain": "https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS", "urlDownload": "https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/WDI_CSV.zip", "dateAccessed": "2026-02-27", "datePublished": "2026-01-28", "license": {"url": "https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0037712/World-Development-Indicators", "name": "CC BY 4.0"}}, {"id": 6895, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects, Population, Estimates 1950-2023", "title": "World Population Prospects", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality and international migration for 237 countries or areas. If you have questions about this dataset, please refer to [their FAQ](https://population.un.org/wpp/faqs). You can also explore [data sources](https://population.un.org/wpp/data-sources) for each country or visit [their main page](https://population.un.org/wpp/) for more details.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_PopulationBySingleAgeSex_Medium_1950-2023.csv.gz", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 14277, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects - Interim Update (2026-01-19, Togo)", "title": "World Population Prospects - Interim Update", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. 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If you have questions about this dataset, please refer to [their FAQ](https://population.un.org/wpp/faqs). You can also explore [data sources](https://population.un.org/wpp/data-sources) for each country or visit [their main page](https://population.un.org/wpp/) for more details.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_Population1JanuaryBySingleAgeSex_Medium_1950-2023.csv.gz", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 8785, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects, Population, Medium 1950-2023", "title": "World Population Prospects", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. 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World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_Population1JanuaryBySingleAgeSex_Medium_2024-2100.csv.gz", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6896, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects, Population, Low-fertility scenario 1950-2100", "title": "World Population Prospects", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality and international migration for 237 countries or areas. If you have questions about this dataset, please refer to [their FAQ](https://population.un.org/wpp/faqs). You can also explore [data sources](https://population.un.org/wpp/data-sources) for each country or visit [their main page](https://population.un.org/wpp/) for more details.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_PopulationBySingleAgeSex_Low_2024-2100.csv.gz", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6897, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects, Population, Medium scenario 2024-2100", "title": "World Population Prospects", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality and international migration for 237 countries or areas. If you have questions about this dataset, please refer to [their FAQ](https://population.un.org/wpp/faqs). You can also explore [data sources](https://population.un.org/wpp/data-sources) for each country or visit [their main page](https://population.un.org/wpp/) for more details.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_PopulationBySingleAgeSex_Medium_2024-2100.csv.gz", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6898, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects, Population, High-fertility scenario 2024-2100", "title": "World Population Prospects", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality and international migration for 237 countries or areas. If you have questions about this dataset, please refer to [their FAQ](https://population.un.org/wpp/faqs). You can also explore [data sources](https://population.un.org/wpp/data-sources) for each country or visit [their main page](https://population.un.org/wpp/) for more details.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_PopulationBySingleAgeSex_High_2024-2100.csv.gz", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 6899, "titleSnapshot": "World Population Prospects, Population, Constant-fertility scenario 2024-2100", "title": "World Population Prospects", "description": "World Population Prospects 2024 is the 28th edition of the official estimates and projections of the global population that have been published by the United Nations since 1951. The estimates are based on all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality and international migration for 237 countries or areas. If you have questions about this dataset, please refer to [their FAQ](https://population.un.org/wpp/faqs). You can also explore [data sources](https://population.un.org/wpp/data-sources) for each country or visit [their main page](https://population.un.org/wpp/) for more details.", "producer": "United Nations", "citationFull": "United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.", "attribution": "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)", "attributionShort": "UN WPP", "urlMain": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "urlDownload": "https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_PopulationBySingleAgeSex_Constant%20fertility_2024-2100.csv.gz", "dateAccessed": "2024-07-11", "datePublished": "2024-07-11", "license": {"url": "https://population.un.org/wpp/downloads/", "name": "CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}, {"id": 15633, "titleSnapshot": "Growth and Structural Transformation - dataset", "title": "Growth and Structural Transformation", "descriptionSnapshot": "Data files accompanying the chapter, including long-run historical time series of employment and value added (at current prices) by sector for ten currently rich countries: Belgium, Finland, France, Japan, the Netherlands, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. Economic activities are classified into agriculture, industry and services; following the authors' convention, utilities are included within services rather than industry.\n\nThe authors' website hosting the data is no longer online, so the file is retrieved from the Internet Archive's capture of it.", "description": "Structural transformation refers to the reallocation of economic activity across the broad sectors agriculture, manufacturing and services. This review article synthesizes and evaluates recent advances in the research on structural transformation. We begin by presenting the stylized facts of structural transformation across time and space. We then develop a multi-sector extension of the one-sector growth model that encompasses the main existing theories of structural transformation. We argue that this multi-sector model serves as a natural benchmark to study structural transformation and that it is able to account for many salient features of structural transformation. We also argue that this multi-sector model delivers new and sharper insights for understanding economic development, regional income convergence, aggregate productivity trends, hours worked, business cycles, and wage inequality. We conclude by suggesting several directions for future research on structural transformation.", "producer": "Herrendorf, Rogerson and Valentinyi", "citationFull": "Berthold Herrendorf, Richard Rogerson, and \u00c1kos Valentinyi, \"Growth and Structural Transformation,\" NBER Working Paper 18996 (2013), https://doi.org/10.3386/w18996.\n\nPublished as: Herrendorf, B., Rogerson, R., & Valentinyi, \u00c1. (2014). Growth and Structural Transformation. In P. Aghion & S. N. Durlauf (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Growth (Vol. 2, pp. 855-941). Elsevier.", "urlMain": "https://www.nber.org/papers/w18996", "urlDownload": "https://web.archive.org/web/20201012224826id_/https://sites.google.com/site/valentinyiakos/Home/files/Handbook_data.zip?attredirects=0&d=1", "dateAccessed": "2026-07-02", "datePublished": "2014", "license": {"url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780444535405000069", "name": "\u00a9 Herrendorf, Rogerson and Valentinyi (2014)"}}, {"id": 15630, "title": "GGDC 10-Sector Database", "description": "The GGDC 10-Sector Database provides a long-run internationally comparable dataset on sectoral productivity performance in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Variables covered in the data set are annual series of value added, output deflators, and persons employed for 10 broad sectors.\n\nThe GGDC 10-Sector Database gives sector detail to the historical macro data in Maddison (2003) from 1950 onwards. It consists of series for 11 countries in Africa, 11 countries in Asia, 2 countries in the Middle East and North Africa, and 9 in Latin-America. For comparison, we have also added data for the US and several European countries.\n\nIt should be stressed that the estimates for the total economy are aggregated across sectors and that, because of adjustments at the sector level, the aggregate results are not fully consistent with the national accounts aggregates (see the sources and methods document). Also note that value added data in this database are expressed in local currencies.", "producer": "Timmer et al.", "citationFull": "Timmer, M. P., de Vries, G. J., & de Vries, K. (2015). \u201cPatterns of Structural Change in Developing Countries.\u201d . In J. Weiss, & M. Tribe (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Industry and Development. (pp. 65-83). Routledge.", "attribution": "Timmer et al. \u2013 GGDC 10-Sector Database 2014", "attributionShort": "GGDC 10-Sector Database", "versionProducer": "2014 release, updated January 2015", "urlMain": "https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/structuralchange/previous-sector-database/10-sector-2014", "urlDownload": "https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/docs/10sd_jan15_2014.xlsx", "dateAccessed": "2026-07-02", "datePublished": "2015-01-01", "license": {"url": "https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/structuralchange/previous-sector-database/10-sector-2014", "name": "Free to use with citation"}}, {"id": 15634, "titleSnapshot": "Swedish Historical National Accounts - Employment by sector", "title": "Swedish Historical National Accounts", "descriptionSnapshot": "This file is Table VIII of the database: employment (number of persons) in the main sectors of the Swedish economy, 1850-2022. The main sectors are agriculture, manufacturing industry, building and construction, transport and communication, private services, and public services.", "description": "The Swedish Historical National Accounts 1560\u20132010, released in 2015 and updated in 2020, 2023 and 2025, presents a database with an extended and revised version of SHNA 1560\u20132022. Principles for revisions and extension of data 1560-1800 are found in Sch\u00f6n & Krantz (2015), \"New Swedish Historical National Accounts since the 16th Century in Constant and Current Prices\", Lund Papers in Economic History 140, Lund University.\n\nComprehensive accounts of data and revisions of the 2007 version of SHNA 1800-2000 are to be found as well in Sch\u00f6n & Krantz (2012), \"Swedish Historical National Accounts 1560\u20132010\", Lund Papers in Economic History 123, Lund University. Description and specification of the latest 2023 update can be found in Nilsson, et al. (2023), \"Swedish Historical National Accounts. 2023 Update, Revision and Underlying Principles\".", "producer": "Sch\u00f6n and Krantz", "citationFull": "Krantz, O. & Sch\u00f6n, L. (2007), Swedish Historical National Accounts 1800-2000, Lund Studies in Economic History 41, Lund.\n\nSch\u00f6n, L. & Krantz, O. (2012), \"Swedish Historical National Accounts 1560-2010.\" Lund Papers in Economic History 123, Lund University.\n\nSch\u00f6n, L. & Krantz, O. (2015), \"New Swedish Historical National Accounts since the 16th Century in Constant and Current Prices.\" Lund Papers in Economic History 140, Lund University.\n\nNilsson, C., Enflo, K., Lobell, H. and Krantz, O. (2023) \"Swedish Historical National Accounts. 2023 Update, Revision and Underlying Principles.\" Mimeo, Department of Economic History, Lund University.\n\nLobell, H. (2025) \"On the 2025 Update of SHNA 1993-2022.\" Mimeo, Department of Economic History, Lund University.", "versionProducer": "2025 update", "urlMain": "https://www.lusem.lu.se/organisation/department-economic-history/research-department-economic-history/databases-department-economic-history/economic-history-data/swedish-historical-national-accounts-1300-2022", "urlDownload": "https://lu.box.com/index.php?rm=box_download_shared_file&shared_name=j4p2qqem7wle8i6i8lppe96vexoya510&file_id=f_1799866718143", "dateAccessed": "2026-07-02", "datePublished": "2025", "license": {"url": "https://www.lusem.lu.se/organisation/department-economic-history/research-department-economic-history/databases-department-economic-history/economic-history-data/swedish-historical-national-accounts-1300-2022", "name": "Free to use with citation"}}]}