{"id": 1108582, "name": "Manufacturer", "unit": "", "createdAt": "2025-10-14T11:42:43.000Z", "updatedAt": "2026-03-10T09:31:34.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "", "datasetId": 7234, "shortUnit": "", "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "manufacturer", "catalogPath": "grapher/artificial_intelligence/2025-10-10/epoch_gpus/epoch_gpus#manufacturer", "descriptionShort": "The company that produced the hardware.", "descriptionProcessing": "- Reporting a time series of AI investments in nominal prices (i.e., without adjusting for inflation) means it makes little sense to compare observations across time; it is therefore not very useful. To make comparisons across time possible, one has to take into account that prices change (e.g., there is inflation).\n- It is not obvious how to adjust this time series for inflation, and we debated it at some length within our team.\n- It would be straightforward to adjust the time series for price changes if we knew the prices of the specific goods and services that these investments purchased. This would make it possible to calculate a volume measure of AI investments, and it would tell us how much these investments bought. But such a metric is not available. While a comprehensive price index is not available, we know that the cost for some crucial AI technology has fallen rapidly in price.\n- In the absence of a comprehensive price index that captures the price of AI-specific goods and services, one has to rely on one of the available metrics for the price of a bundle of goods and services. In the end we decided to use the US Consumer Price Index (CPI).\n- The US CPI does not provide us with a volume measure of AI goods and services, but it does capture the opportunity costs of these investments. The inflation adjustment of this time series of AI investments therefore lets us understand the size of these investments relative to whatever else these sums of money could have purchased.", "type": "string", "dataChecksum": "13172706821790920970", "metadataChecksum": "2857993466256332502", "datasetName": "Machine Learning Hardware", "updatePeriodDays": 365, "datasetVersion": "2025-10-10", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"zeroDay": "2000-01-01", "yearIsDay": true, "numDecimalPlaces": 0}, "schemaVersion": 2, "processingLevel": "major", "presentation": {"topicTagsLinks": ["Artificial Intelligence"]}, "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 3089}, {"id": 3965}, {"id": 4223}, {"id": 4699}, {"id": 4798}, {"id": 4808}, {"id": 4891}, {"id": 4952}, {"id": 5074}, {"id": 5162}, {"id": 5375}, {"id": 5434}, {"id": 5506}, {"id": 5554}, {"id": 5658}, {"id": 5720}, {"id": 5792}, {"id": 5939}, {"id": 5991}, {"id": 6015}, {"id": 6100}, {"id": 6118}, {"id": 6246}, {"id": 6247}, {"id": 6278}, {"id": 6305}, {"id": 6381}, {"id": 6391}, {"id": 6544}, {"id": 6660}, {"id": 6799}, {"id": 6830}, {"id": 6837}, {"id": 6857}, {"id": 6891}, {"id": 7174}, {"id": 7269}, {"id": 7365}, {"id": 7439}, {"id": 7478}, {"id": 7549}, {"id": 7583}, {"id": 7625}, {"id": 7772}, {"id": 7903}, {"id": 7982}, {"id": 8111}, {"id": 8123}, {"id": 8258}, {"id": 8298}, {"id": 8321}, {"id": 8323}, {"id": 8342}, {"id": 8347}, {"id": 8372}, {"id": 8389}, {"id": 8404}, {"id": 8410}, {"id": 8439}, {"id": 8480}, {"id": 8558}, {"id": 8620}, {"id": 8659}, {"id": 8713}, {"id": 8740}, {"id": 8753}, {"id": 8839}, {"id": 9005}, {"id": 9049}, {"id": 9054}, {"id": 9085}, {"id": 9088}, {"id": 9103}, {"id": 9177}, {"id": 9294}, {"id": 9365}, {"id": 9467}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 309878, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 280", "code": null}, {"id": 309821, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580", "code": null}, {"id": 372215, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla C2050", "code": null}, {"id": 309908, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla K20X", "code": null}, {"id": 309986, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla K20c", "code": null}, {"id": 309962, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX TITAN", "code": null}, {"id": 310029, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro K4000", "code": null}, {"id": 309895, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780", "code": null}, {"id": 309844, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro K6000", "code": null}, {"id": 370015, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla K40s", "code": null}, {"id": 372226, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla K40t", "code": null}, {"id": 372618, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX Titan Black", "code": null}, {"id": 309910, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 980", "code": null}, {"id": 370020, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla K80", "code": null}, {"id": 370021, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro K1200", "code": null}, {"id": 309845, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX TITAN X", "code": null}, {"id": 370032, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro M4000", "code": null}, {"id": 370033, "name": "NVIDIA TESLA M60", "code": null}, {"id": 370023, "name": "NVIDIA M40", "code": null}, {"id": 370018, "name": "NVIDIA P100", "code": null}, {"id": 372189, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla P100 DGXS", "code": null}, {"id": 372202, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla P100 SXM2", "code": null}, {"id": 309693, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080", "code": null}, {"id": 370040, "name": "NVIDIA P100 PCIe 16GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372227, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla P100 PCIe 12GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372212, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla P100 PCIe 16GB", "code": null}, {"id": 370034, "name": "NVIDIA P40", "code": null}, {"id": 370024, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla P4", "code": null}, {"id": 309694, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro P5000", "code": null}, {"id": 309712, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro P6000", "code": null}, {"id": 309783, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro P4000", "code": null}, {"id": 372176, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro P600", "code": null}, {"id": 309705, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti", "code": null}, {"id": 309708, "name": "NVIDIA TITAN Xp", "code": null}, {"id": 372180, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 PCIe 16 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372219, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 SXM2 16 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372206, "name": "NVIDIA V100", "code": null}, {"id": 372220, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 SXM2", "code": null}, {"id": 370025, "name": "NVIDIA Titan V", "code": null}, {"id": 372204, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 DGXS 16 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372236, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 DGXS 32 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372221, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 PCIe 32 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372222, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 SXM2 32 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372228, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100 SXM3 32 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 309724, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro RTX 5000", "code": null}, {"id": 309748, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro RTX 6000", "code": null}, {"id": 309749, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro RTX 8000", "code": null}, {"id": 372232, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla T4", "code": null}, {"id": 372223, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti 11GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372184, "name": "Huawei Ascend 310", "code": null}, {"id": 309695, "name": "NVIDIA Quadro RTX 4000", "code": null}, {"id": 372211, "name": "Huawei Ascend 910", "code": null}, {"id": 372233, "name": "Huawei Ascend 910 (320 TFLOPS)", "code": null}, {"id": 372205, "name": "Huawei Ascend 910A", "code": null}, {"id": 372187, "name": "Huawei Ascend 910A Premium", "code": null}, {"id": 372237, "name": "Huawei Ascend 910A Pro", "code": null}, {"id": 372231, "name": "NVIDIA Tesla V100S PCIe 32 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 370028, "name": "NVIDIA A100", "code": null}, {"id": 372240, "name": "NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372191, "name": "NVIDIA A100 PCIe", "code": null}, {"id": 309738, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080", "code": null}, {"id": 309752, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090", "code": null}, {"id": 370017, "name": "NVIDIA A40 PCIe", "code": null}, {"id": 309754, "name": "NVIDIA RTX A6000", "code": null}, {"id": 372199, "name": "NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372210, "name": "NVIDIA A10 PCIe", "code": null}, {"id": 370043, "name": "NVIDIA A10G", "code": null}, {"id": 370037, "name": "NVIDIA RTX A4000", "code": null}, {"id": 370029, "name": "NVIDIA RTX A5000", "code": null}, {"id": 372207, "name": "Tesla D1 Dojo", "code": null}, {"id": 370044, "name": "AMD Radeon Instinct MI250X", "code": null}, {"id": 372209, "name": "Huawei Ascend 910B", "code": null}, {"id": 370041, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 Ti", "code": null}, {"id": 372197, "name": "NVIDIA A800 SXM", "code": null}, {"id": 370038, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080", "code": null}, {"id": 370014, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090", "code": null}, {"id": 372195, "name": "NVIDIA H100 PCIe", "code": null}, {"id": 372177, "name": "NVIDIA H100 SXM5 80GB", "code": null}, {"id": 370045, "name": "NVIDIA L40", "code": null}, {"id": 372208, "name": "Amazon Trainium1", "code": null}, {"id": 370027, "name": "AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX", "code": null}, {"id": 372200, "name": "NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372238, "name": "NVIDIA A800 PCIe 40 GB", "code": null}, {"id": 372181, "name": "NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada Generation", "code": null}, {"id": 372229, "name": "Tianshu Zhixin Zhikai 100", "code": null}, {"id": 372190, "name": "AMD Instinct MI300A", "code": null}, {"id": 370035, "name": "AMD Radeon Instinct MI300", "code": null}, {"id": 372239, "name": "Intel Data Center GPU Max 1100", "code": null}, {"id": 372192, "name": "Intel Data Center GPU Max 1350", "code": null}, {"id": 372183, "name": "Intel Data Center GPU Max 1550", "code": null}, {"id": 370031, "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070", "code": null}, {"id": 372225, "name": "NVIDIA GH100", "code": null}, {"id": 372235, "name": "NVIDIA H800 SXM5", "code": null}, {"id": 372234, "name": "NVIDIA L4", "code": null}, {"id": 372178, "name": "MetaX MXN100", "code": null}, {"id": 372179, "name": "NVIDIA GH200", "code": null}, {"id": 372203, "name": "NVIDIA L20 PCle", "code": null}, {"id": 372196, "name": "NVIDIA HGX H20", "code": null}, {"id": 372201, "name": "NVIDIA L2 PCle", "code": null}, {"id": 372186, "name": "AMD Instinct MI300X", "code": null}, {"id": 372216, "name": "AMD Radeon Instinct MI308X", "code": null}, {"id": 372188, "name": "MTT S4000", "code": null}, {"id": 372217, "name": "NVIDIA H100 NVL", "code": null}, {"id": 372194, "name": "Maia 100 (M100)", "code": null}, {"id": 372230, "name": "AMD Instinct MI325X", "code": null}, {"id": 372182, "name": "Huawei Ascend 910C", "code": null}, {"id": 372214, "name": "NVIDIA B100", "code": null}, {"id": 372193, "name": "NVIDIA B200", "code": null}, {"id": 372198, "name": "NVIDIA H200 SXM", "code": null}, {"id": 372213, "name": "Amazon Trainium2", "code": null}, {"id": 372620, "name": "NVIDIA GB200", "code": null}, {"id": 372617, "name": "AMD Instinct MI350X", "code": null}, {"id": 372614, "name": "AMD Instinct MI355X", "code": null}, {"id": 372615, "name": "NVIDIA B300 (Blackwell Ultra)", "code": null}, {"id": 372616, "name": "NVIDIA GB300 (Blackwell Ultra)", "code": null}, {"id": 372619, "name": "Amazon Trainium3", "code": null}]}}, "origins": [{"id": 14153, "title": "Machine Learning Hardware", "description": "This dataset contains detailed information about machine learning hardware, including GPUs, NPUs, and other specialized AI chips. It includes technical specifications such as computational performance across different precision levels (FP64, FP32, FP16, INT8, etc.), memory configurations, release dates, pricing, and manufacturing details.", "producer": "Epoch AI", "citationFull": "Epoch AI, 'Data on Machine Learning Hardware'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved from 'https://epoch.ai/data/machine-learning-hardware' [online resource].", "attributionShort": "Epoch AI", "urlMain": "https://epoch.ai/data/machine-learning-hardware", "urlDownload": "https://epoch.ai/data/ml_hardware.zip", "dateAccessed": "2026-02-27", "datePublished": "2025-10-10", "license": {"url": "https://epoch.ai/data/machine-learning-hardware", "name": "CC BY 4.0"}}]}