{"id": 1207709, "name": "Fossil fuels (Gales et al. (2007))", "unit": "% of energy consumption", "createdAt": "2026-03-10T08:49:11.000Z", "updatedAt": "2026-05-18T08:40:02.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "1850-2000", "datasetId": 7682, "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "fossil_fuels__gales_et_al__2007", "catalogPath": "grapher/energy/2017-06-26/long_term_energy_transition_in_europe__gales_et_al__2007/long_term_energy_transition_in_europe__gales_et_al__2007#fossil_fuels__gales_et_al__2007", "type": "int", "dataChecksum": "14006564854394079606", "metadataChecksum": "1278051620916180722", "datasetName": "Long-term energy transition in Europe - Gales et al. (2007)", "datasetVersion": "2017-06-26", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"unit": "Per 1,000 population"}, "schemaVersion": 2, "presentation": {}, "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 1850}, {"id": 1861}, {"id": 1900}, {"id": 1950}, {"id": 2000}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 5, "name": "Netherlands", "code": "NLD"}, {"id": 9, "name": "Spain", "code": "ESP"}, {"id": 10, "name": "Sweden", "code": "SWE"}, {"id": 8, "name": "Italy", "code": "ITA"}]}}, "origins": [{"id": 14623, "title": "North versus South: Energy transition and energy intensity in Europe over 200 years", "description": "The authors note: \"Muscle energy corresponds to the input of food by men and working animals; firewood to the actual consumption; wind and water have been estimated from the power of water and wind engines \u2013 sailing ships included \u2013 and the time, per year, these engines were in use.\"\n\nFull citation: Ben Gales, Astrid Kander, Paolo Malanima and Mar Rubio (2007) \u2013 North versus South: Energy transition and energy intensity in Europe over 200 years. European Review of Economic History Vol. 11, No. 2 (August 2007), pp. 219-253. Cambridge University Press Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1361491607001967", "producer": "Gales et al.", "citationFull": "Gales, B., Kander, A., Malanima, P., & Rubio, M. (2007). North versus South: Energy transition and energy intensity in Europe over 200 years. European Review of Economic History, 11(2), 219-253.", "urlMain": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/european-review-of-economic-history/article/north-versus-south-energy-transition-and-energy-intensity-in-europe-over-200-years/7709FEB12FA28435201256E3C25607EE", "dateAccessed": "2017-06-26", "datePublished": "2007"}]}