{"id": 1208280, "name": "Threshold (per year, 4th decile, after tax, equivalized)", "unit": "international-$ in 2021 prices", "createdAt": "2026-03-16T11:06:20.000Z", "updatedAt": "2026-05-01T09:44:41.000Z", "coverage": "", "timespan": "1963-2024", "datasetId": 7769, "shortUnit": "$", "columnOrder": 0, "shortName": "thr__welfare_type_dhi__equivalence_scale_square_root__decile_4__period_year", "catalogPath": "grapher/lis/2026-03-16/luxembourg_income_study/incomes#thr__welfare_type_dhi__equivalence_scale_square_root__decile_4__period_year", "dimensions": {"years": {"values": [{"id": 1981}, {"id": 1985}, {"id": 1989}, {"id": 1995}, {"id": 2001}, {"id": 2003}, {"id": 2004}, {"id": 2008}, {"id": 2010}, {"id": 2014}, {"id": 2016}, {"id": 2018}, {"id": 2020}, {"id": 1994}, {"id": 1996}, {"id": 1997}, {"id": 1998}, {"id": 1999}, {"id": 2000}, {"id": 2005}, {"id": 2006}, {"id": 2007}, {"id": 2009}, {"id": 2011}, {"id": 2012}, {"id": 2013}, {"id": 2015}, {"id": 2017}, {"id": 2019}, {"id": 2021}, {"id": 2022}, {"id": 2023}, {"id": 1988}, {"id": 1992}, {"id": 1982}, {"id": 1983}, {"id": 1984}, {"id": 1986}, {"id": 1987}, {"id": 1990}, {"id": 1993}, {"id": 2002}, {"id": 1971}, {"id": 1973}, {"id": 1975}, {"id": 1977}, {"id": 1979}, {"id": 1991}, {"id": 1970}, {"id": 1978}, {"id": 1980}, {"id": 2024}, {"id": 1968}, {"id": 1969}, {"id": 1972}, {"id": 1974}, {"id": 1976}, {"id": 1963}, {"id": 1964}, {"id": 1965}, {"id": 1966}, {"id": 1967}]}, "entities": {"values": [{"id": 23, "name": "Australia", "code": "AUS"}, {"id": 24, "name": "Austria", "code": "AUT"}, {"id": 4, "name": "Belgium", "code": "BEL"}, {"id": 37, "name": "Brazil", "code": "BRA"}, {"id": 39, "name": "Bulgaria", "code": "BGR"}, {"id": 44, "name": "Canada", "code": "CAN"}, {"id": 172, "name": "Chile", "code": "CHL"}, {"id": 171, "name": "China", "code": "CHN"}, {"id": 170, "name": "Colombia", "code": "COL"}, {"id": 143, "name": "Cote d'Ivoire", "code": "CIV"}, {"id": 162, "name": "Czechia", "code": "CZE"}, {"id": 161, "name": "Denmark", "code": "DNK"}, {"id": 160, "name": "Dominican Republic", "code": "DOM"}, {"id": 156, "name": "Estonia", "code": "EST"}, {"id": 155, "name": "Finland", "code": "FIN"}, {"id": 3, "name": "France", "code": "FRA"}, {"id": 152, "name": "Georgia", "code": "GEO"}, {"id": 6, "name": "Germany", "code": "DEU"}, {"id": 149, "name": "Greece", "code": "GRC"}, {"id": 148, "name": "Guatemala", "code": "GTM"}, {"id": 138, "name": "Hungary", "code": "HUN"}, {"id": 207, "name": "Iceland", "code": "ISL"}, {"id": 137, "name": "India", "code": "IND"}, {"id": 2, "name": "Ireland", "code": "IRL"}, {"id": 133, "name": "Israel", "code": "ISR"}, {"id": 8, "name": "Italy", "code": "ITA"}, {"id": 14, "name": "Japan", "code": "JPN"}, {"id": 119, "name": "Lithuania", "code": "LTU"}, {"id": 210, "name": "Luxembourg", "code": "LUX"}, {"id": 115, "name": "Mali", "code": "MLI"}, {"id": 113, "name": "Mexico", "code": "MEX"}, {"id": 5, "name": "Netherlands", "code": "NLD"}, {"id": 102, "name": "Norway", "code": "NOR"}, {"id": 140, "name": "Palestine", "code": "PSE"}, {"id": 100, "name": "Panama", "code": "PAN"}, {"id": 98, "name": "Paraguay", "code": "PRY"}, {"id": 97, "name": "Peru", "code": "PER"}, {"id": 11, "name": "Poland", "code": "POL"}, {"id": 92, "name": "Romania", "code": "ROU"}, {"id": 12, "name": "Russia", "code": "RUS"}, {"id": 88, "name": "Serbia", "code": "SRB"}, {"id": 85, "name": "Slovakia", "code": "SVK"}, {"id": 83, "name": "Slovenia", "code": "SVN"}, {"id": 81, "name": "South Africa", "code": "ZAF"}, {"id": 127, "name": "South Korea", "code": "KOR"}, {"id": 9, "name": "Spain", "code": "ESP"}, {"id": 10, "name": "Sweden", "code": "SWE"}, {"id": 7, "name": "Switzerland", "code": "CHE"}, {"id": 1, "name": "United Kingdom", "code": "GBR"}, {"id": 13, "name": "United States", "code": "USA"}, {"id": 63, "name": "Uruguay", "code": "URY"}, {"id": 84, "name": "Vietnam", "code": "VNM"}]}}, "descriptionShort": "The level of income per year below which 40% of the population falls.", "type": "float", "grapherConfigIdETL": "019cf653-4ec4-7918-a662-99d65b111241", "dataChecksum": "15180267559603560064", "metadataChecksum": "8607686891777460430", "datasetName": "Luxembourg Income Study (LIS)", "updatePeriodDays": 90, "datasetVersion": "2026-03-16", "nonRedistributable": false, "display": {"name": "Threshold (4th decile) (after tax)", "unit": "international-$ in 2021 prices", "shortUnit": "$", "tolerance": 5, "numDecimalPlaces": 0}, "schemaVersion": 2, "processingLevel": "minor", "presentation": {"topicTagsLinks": ["Poverty", "Economic Inequality"]}, "descriptionKey": ["Incomes are distributed very unequally, both between countries and within them. This data lets you compare how income is distributed across the population and how those levels have changed over time. We discuss this in more detail on our page on [Economic Inequality](https://ourworldindata.org/economic-inequality).", "This data shows the income threshold for a given decile \u2014 a tenth of the population. The \"poorest decile\" threshold, for example, is the income level below which the poorest 10% of people in a country fall.", "This data is expressed in constant international dollars to adjust for inflation and differences in living costs between countries. Read more in our article, [What are international dollars?](https://ourworldindata.org/international-dollars)", "Income is measured after taxes have been paid and most government benefits have been received.", "The data comes from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), which takes the original microdata from national household surveys and harmonizes it \u2014 reconstructing incomes using a common set of definitions across countries. This makes the data more comparable across countries than other sources, but at the cost of covering fewer countries.", "Income has been equivalized \u2013 adjusted to account for the household size and composition, to consider the fact that people in the same household can share costs like rent and heating. LIS uses the square root equivalence scale: household income is divided by the square root of the number of household members."], "origins": [{"id": 14176, "titleSnapshot": "Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) - Incomes across the distribution", "title": "Luxembourg Income Study (LIS)", "descriptionSnapshot": "Income distribution estimates by LIS.", "description": "The Luxembourg Income Study Database (LIS) is the largest available income database of harmonized microdata collected from over 50 countries in Europe, North America, Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Australasia spanning five decades.\n\nHarmonized into a common framework, LIS datasets contain household- and person-level data on labor income, capital income, pensions, public social benefits (excl. pensions) and private transfers, as well as taxes and contributions, demography, employment, and expenditures.", "producer": "Luxembourg Income Study", "citationFull": "Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) Database, http://www.lisdatacenter.org (multiple countries; March 2026). Luxembourg: LIS.", "attributionShort": "LIS", "urlMain": "https://www.lisdatacenter.org/our-data/lis-database/", "dateAccessed": "2026-03-16", "datePublished": "2026-03-13", "license": {"url": "https://www.lisdatacenter.org/about-lis/terms-of-use/", "name": "LIS Privacy Policy"}}]}